Advances in antiretroviral therapy have dramatically improved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated morbidity and mortality. The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a decrease in the incidence of opportunistic diseases, including some malignancies. Moreover, increased use of effective antiretroviral therapy may alter the incidence, presentation, prognosis, and...

A clinical case of retinovasculitis with coronavirus infection COVID-19 involving a female patient in the late stage HIV is reported. The had no antiretroviral therapy. Clinical features eye changes, their severity and dynamics influenced by ophthalmic therapy were revealed. relationship between course state immunodeficiency causes was found. As result long disease duration complications, died.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the optimal timing for initiating antiretroviral therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis in Hong Kong. DESIGN Historical cohort. SETTING. Tuberculosis and Chest Service and Special Preventive Programme, Public Health Service Branch, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Consecutive patients w...

INTRODUCTION In recent years, there has been growing concern about an increasing rate of cardiovascular diseases in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, which could be associated with side effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy. It is likely that the metabolic disorders related to anti-human immunodeficiency virus treatment will eventually translate into a increased cardiova...

background : plasmodium falciparum infection is endemic in most tropical countries and will definitely infect human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive patients living in this region at one time or the other during the course of their infection. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of malaria infection in hiv-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in benin c...

background helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection is common among humans and plays a major role in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease with significant morbidity in patients with hiv-1 on antiretroviral therapy. there are conflicting prevalence patterns of h. pylori in hiv-1 infected patients using various methods of detection. the noninvasive technique used for detection of h. pylori infec...

SIR—We read the interesting article by Blick et al. [1]. We challenge the conclusions made by the authors. Blick et al. point out that improvement in their patient’s condition was not related to antiretroviral therapy because progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) developed 3 months after this treatment was applied. Certainly some opportunistic infections, such as cytomegalovirus reti...

BACKGROUND Smear-positive pulmonary TB is the most infectious form of TB. Previous studies on the effect of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on TB treatment outcomes among these highly infectious patients demonstrated conflicting results, reducing understanding of important issues. METHODS All adult smear-positive pulmonary TB patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 in Malawi's largest public,...

Antiretroviral drugs have saved and extended the lives of millions of individuals infected with HIV. The major classes of anti-HIV drugs include reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and entry/fusion inhibitors. While antiretroviral drug regimens are not commonly used to treat other types of retroviral infections, there are instances where there is a perce...

Polyomaviruses may cause human disease, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. JCV, one of the members of polyomaviridae family, is the causative agent of the neurological disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), which occurs mostly in immunocompromised patients. Progressive Multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a progressive demyelinating disorder of the central nervous sy...