intestinal stem cells (iscs) are a group of rare cells located in the intestinal crypts which are responsible for the maintenance of the intestinal homeostasis and intestinal regeneration following injury or inflammation. lineage tracing experiments in mice have proven that iscs can repopulate the entire intestinal crypt. it is noteworthy that in such experiments, only a subset of intestinal cr...

PURPOSE Simian virus (SV)40-immortalized human corneal epithelial (HCE-T) cells have been widely used as an in vitro model of human corneal epithelial cells. The nature of this cell line was assessed for genomic aberrations and cellular heterogeneity. METHODS For the quantitative measurement of genomic aberrations, array-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis was performed. Fo...

Background Solid tumors display pronounced antigen heterogeneity and clinical studies have shown that escape from therapy occurs rapidly, limiting the persistence efficacy of CAR T cells. Here we present dual triple-antigen binding proteins bridge cells to multiple antigens, allowing a simultaneous attack on tumor antigens by single antibody domain. We call these Engager proteins. can be encode...

Monoclonal antibodies with specificity for mucin-like antigens have shown great promise for the diagnosis and therapy of human cancer. Heterogeneity in the expression of mucin-like antigens by tumor and normal cells has been noted in several previous studies. An understanding of the nature of this heterogeneity has important implications for the diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness of antibodi...

Abstract Background Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte binding antigen-175 ( Pf EBA-175) is a candidate antigen for blood-stage malaria vaccine, while various polymorphisms and dimorphism have prevented to development of effective vaccines based on this gene. This study aimed investigate the EBA-175 both Bioko Island continent Equatorial Guinea, as well genetic polymorphism natural selection glo...

The two main themes of this symposium centre on the roles played by the intracellular and extracellular parts of the CD45 antigen. The intracellular part has been characterized as a protein tyrosine phosphate phosphatase with an important role in lymphocyte activation. The extracellular part shows antigenic heterogeneity that has been of value in the recognition of subpopulations of lymphocytes...

Abstract CD8 T lymphocytes control infection and malignancy through differentiation into specialized cell states with discrete functional attributes. While fate commitment is a transcriptionally epigenetically controlled process, the transcription factors chromatin modifiers governing remain ill-defined. Here, we leveraged mouse models of viral cancer to simultaneous profile transcriptomic land...

Phenotypic heterogeneity of human carcinoma lesions, including heterogeneity in expression of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), is a well-established phenomenon. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), MUC1, and brachyury are diverse TAAs, each of which is expressed on a wide range of human tumors. We have previously reported on a novel adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) vector gene delivery platform (Ad5 [E1...

An mAb MRC OX-22, reactive with the high molecular weight forms of the rat leukocyte-common antigen, has revealed a heterogeneity among CD4+ T cells in this species. Approximately two-thirds are CD4+, OX-22+, and one-third are CD4+, OX-22-. This phenotypic heterogeneity was found to be associated with a functional one. CD4+, OX-22+ cells proliferated well in mixed leukocyte culture, responded t...