eight genotypes of spring safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) were evaluated for several physiological traits under stress and non-stress water regimes. data were analyzed using principal factor analysis. the factor analysis technique extracted six factors under non-stress conditions. six factors explained about 80% of the total variation, and only 40% of the variance was accounted for by the f...

the first step to quantify crop phenology is precise estimation of the parameters, which affect it. these parameters are mainly temperature and photoperiod. this study was conducted with eight sowing dates to quantify response of stem elongation rate (ser) to temperature and photoperiod in wheat (tajan cultivar). the regression models fitted to ser against temperature were flat, logistic, quadr...

in order to study of effects of integrated biological and chemical  fertilizers on  fertilizer use efficiency, grain yield and related traits to  grain growth of barley (hordeum vulgaris l.), a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of the faculty of agriculture sciences, university of mohaghegh ardabili in 2012. tre...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The morphological structure of anthetic carpels of Brasenia (Cabombaceae), a member of the phylogenetically basal ANITA grade, has not been studied before. The carpel has a long stigmatic crest on the ventral side and could give the impression of a conduplicate structure. This is in contrast to the carpel structure in other genera of the ANITA grade. Therefore, a study of ca...

Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate and plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, such as cell expansion, wall thickening and cell elongation. Although individual genes belonging to MDH gene family have been partially identified in various plants, there have been no reports of a genome-wide characterization of th...

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) has unrealized potential as an alternative crop in many semiarid regions including central Argentina. Our objective was to relate how temperature and precipitation conditions with fall (5 June 2012 23 Apr. 2013) winter sowing (13 Aug. 20 affected phenology, yield, yield components, oil percent four eight spring-type safflower accessions the region of Fall ass...

in order to study the efficiency of dual-purpose herbicides at different stages of wheat (triticum aestivum), an experiment was conducted at shoushtar in 2012. the experiment was factorial with randomized complete block design arrangement of factors and four replicates. factors were dual-purpose herbicide including apyros (sulfosulfuron), total (metsulfuron methyl+sulfosulfuron), chevalier (iod...

in order to evaluation of plant densities and row spacing effects on growth and yield of wheat, an experiment was conducted by using four plant densities (125, 250, 375 and 500 plants per m2),two row spacing (12.5 and 25 cm), in a randomized complete block design with three replicates in anbare-ololum reign in rainfed and saline conditions during 2008-2009. results showed that leaf area index (...

Cotton fibres are hair-like single-cells that elongate to several centimetres long after their initiation from the ovule epidermis at anthesis. The accumulation of malate, along with K+ and sugars, is thought to play an important role in fibre elongation through osmotic regulation and charge balance. However, there is a lack of evidence for or against such an hypothesis. Phosphoenolpyruvate car...