This paper gives a brief about two of the metaheuristic techniques that are used to find best among the optimal solutions for complex problems like travelling salesman problem, Quadratic problem. Both of these techniques are based on the natural phenomenon of ant. Ant algorithm find good path but due to some short comings of it, this algorithm is not able to give best out of the good or optimal...

Many complex systems, ranging from neural cell assemblies to insect societies, involve and rely on some division of labor. How to enforce such a division in a decentralized and distributed way, is tackled in this paper, using a spiking neuron network architecture. Specifically, a spatio-temporal model called SpikeAnts is shown to enforce the emergence of synchronized activities in an ant colony...

One ant is placed initially at each of the given terminal vertices that are to be connected. In each iteration, an ant is moved to a new location via an edge, determined stochastically, but biased in such a manner that the ants get drawn to the paths traced out by one another. Each ant maintains its own separate list of vertices already visited to avoid revisiting it. When any ant collides with...

Butterflies in the family Lycaenidae that have obligate associations with ants frequently exhibit ant-dependent egg laying behaviour. In a series of field and laboratory choice tests, we assessed oviposition preference of the Australian lycaenid Jalmenus evagoras in response to different species and populations of ants. Females discriminated between attendant and nonattendant ant species, betwe...

Army ants form nomadic insect colonies whose chief food is other social insects. Here we compare the rate of army ant raids with the average density of their potential prey from 28 New World subtropical and tropical localities. We estimate that army ant raids occur at the rate of 1.22 m per day in tropical forests. Army ant raid rates increased with primary productivity, and with the density of...

In this investigation, detection dogs are trained and used in identifying red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, and their nests. The methodology could assist in reducing the frequency and scope of chemical treatments for red imported fire ant management and thus reduce labor costs and chemical use as well as improve control and quarantine efficiency. Three dogs previously trained fo...

Non-pollinating consumers of floral resources, especially ants, can disrupt pollination and plant reproductive processes. As an alternative food resource to flowers, extrafloral nectar (EFN) may distract and satiate ants from flowers, thereby reducing their antagonistic effects on plants. Yet, EFN may actually attract and increase ant density on plants, thus increasing the disruption of pollina...

Urbanization can alter the organization of ant communities and affect populations of urban pest ants. In this study, we sampled ant communities in urban and suburban yards to understand the habitat factors that shape these communities and influence the abundance of a common pest species, Tapinoma sessile (Say). We used pitfall traps to sample ant communities and a combination of pitfall traps ...

background: qeshm (26.75n, 55.82e), iran, is 1500 km² island in the strait of hormuz. qeshm is a free trade zone, acting as an important channel for international commerce, and has been the site of much recent development. there is potential risk of stinging ant attacks for residents and visitors that may occur in the island. the aims of this study were to find out the fauna, dispersion, and so...