context inflammatory pains caused by direct stimulation of nociceptors are altered by release of inflammatory mediators, cytokines and chemokines and also gut microbiota. a substantial clinical evidence supports the pivotal role of probiotics in the betterment of inflammatory disorders symptoms such as pain. therefore, this study aimed to review the potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic rol...

Few previous investigations show that Carum Carvi (CC) may control pain in both animal and human. The aim of this work was to assess the role of CC on acute and chronic pain in formalin test in mice. In this study male albino mice (25-30 g) were used. CC (100 and 500 mg/kg) and saline were injected 30 min before formalin test. Indexes of signs were licking and foot elavation for assessment of a...

BACKGROUND: Accurate identifying and assessment of the degree of pain that the animal is suffering can be a challenge, and, control of painful condition is becoming an increasingly important part of veterinary medicine. OBJECTIVES: This study was carried out to compare different tools for postoperative pain assessment in bitches. METHODS: Ten adult mixed breed bitches were selected and randomly...

Following the recent “animal turn” in literary studies, which has inspired scholars to revisit traditional human-centered interpretations of texts narrated by animals, this article focuses on the convergence of animal studies and trauma theory. It offers new animal-centered close readings of Tolstoy’s Strider and Bulgakov’s Heart of a Dog, paying attention to animal pain rather than seeing it, ...

Few previous investigations show that Carum Carvi (CC) may control pain in both animal and human. The aim of this work was to assess the role of CC on acute and chronic pain in formalin test in mice. In this study male albino mice (25-30 g) were used. CC (100 and 500 mg/kg) and saline were injected 30 min before formalin test. Indexes of signs were licking and foot elavation for assessment of a...