Education in alternatives to animal experimentation has spread to all parts of the world including Asian countries (Kurosawa, 2004a). We should aim to educate all types of audience, from school children to professors and the general public, on the concepts and importance of the 3Rs (Kurosawa, 2004b; Cervinka and Kurosawa, 2004). Naturally, the approach must be specific to the target group: the ...

The commonsense ethical constraints on laboratory animal research known as the three Rs are widely accepted, but no constraints tailored to research on animals in the wild are available. In this article, we begin to fill that gap. We sketch a set of commonsense ethical constraints on ecosystem research parallel to the constraints that govern laboratory animal research. Then we combine the anima...

The question of how animal studies should be designed, conducted, and analyzed remains underexposed in societal debates on animal experimentation. This is not only a scientific but also a moral question. After all, if animal experiments are not appropriately designed, conducted, and analyzed, the results produced are unlikely to be reliable and the animals have in effect been wasted. In this ar...

M any European citizens see animal welfare a matter of great importance [1]. Initiatives such as Stop Vivisection, which petitions politicians to abandon all support for animal experimentation in biomedical and toxicological research (http://ec.europa.eu/citizens-initiative/public/initiatives/successful/details/2012/ 000007/en?lg=en), might suggest that a majority of Europeans want to see the u...

Reviewing fundamental aspects of bioethics and outlining the work of the Bioethics Program of the Pan American Health Organization, this paper draws attention to the work of a forgotten pioneer- Fritz Jahr- who coined the term bioethics in 1927 and anticipated many of the arguments and discussions now current in biological research involving animals.

In this presentation it is not intended to discuss the philosphical aspects of the body-mind problem ; it will only be attempted to survey to what extent subcortical operations in man by means of guided electrodess may have helped us to ascertain which systems passing through or synapsing in subcortical areas take part in those neural mechanisms that are the prerequisite for some psychic proces...

The 8 edition of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (The Guide) was released in December 2010. It is important for those involved with designing, operating and maintaining animal research facilities to be familiar and in compliance with the key recommendations and additions in the 2010 edition of ‘The Guide’ to ensure that renovated and new facilities receive AAALAC accreditat...

We know that clinical trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry are likely to exaggerate benefit and minimise harms. But do these biases extend to their sponsorship of non-human animal research? Using systematic review and meta-analysis Bero and colleagues show that, in the case of statins, things are a little more complicated. While the conclusions of industry-sponsored studies were inde...

Humans weave phonological patterns instinctively. We form phonological patterns at birth, we spontaneously generate them de novo, and we impose phonological design on both our linguistic communication and cultural technologies--reading and writing. Why are humans compelled to generate phonological patterns? Why are phonological patterns intimately grounded in their sensorimotor channels (speech...