intoduction: therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals are radiolabeled molecules to deliver sufficient doses of ionizing radiation to specific disease sites such as bone metastases, brain and liver tumors and bone marrows malignancies including multiple myeloma. among some therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals, 166ho-1,4,7,10 -tetraazacyclo dodecane-1,4,7,10 tetraethylene phosphonic acid (166ho-dotmp) is us...

the cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) lines that are used in production of hybrid seeds in three-line system often get contaminated with their maintainer lines. using such impure cms lines in rice hybrid seed production lead to un-uniformity and yield loss in hybrid rice. laborious and time consuming phenotypic evaluations are used for elimination of off-type plants in cms multiplication farms. th...

rna extraction is a prerequisite technique for gene expression studies, analyzing the etiology and disease progression, treatment effects, as well as designing the diagnostic methods. although many rna extraction kits have been commercialized, but these kits are expensive and are not accessible in some countries. many studies have shown that trizol is an applicable material for the rna extracti...

Advances in nanotechnology have opened up a new era of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases and traumatic injuries. Nanomaterials, including those with potential for clinical applications, possess novel physicochemical properties that have an impact on their physiological interactions, from the molecular level to the systemic level. There is a lack of standardized methodologies or re...

We consider generalizations of depolarizing channels to maps of the form Φ(ρ) = ∑ k akVkρV † k + (1 − a)(Tr ρ) 1 dI with Vk unitary and ∑ k ak = a < 1. We show that one can construct unital channels of this type for which the input which achieves maximal output purity is unique. We give conditions on Vk under which multiplicativity of the maximal p-norm and additivity of the minimal output entr...

We divide attempts to give the structural proof theory of modal logics into two kinds, those pure formulationswhose inference rules characterise modality completely by means of manipulations of boxes and diamonds, and those labelled formulations that leverage the use of labels in giving inference rules. The widespread adoption of labelled formulations is driven by their ability to model feature...

We give a construction that identifies the collection of pure processes (i.e. those which are deterministic, or without randomness) within a theory containing both pure and mixed processes. Working in the framework of symmetric monoidal categories, we define a pure subcategory. This definition arises elegantly from the categorical notion of a weak factorisation system. Our construction gives th...

Evolution of purity in case of factorizable interaction between an open system and an environment is investigated. We derive a simple expression for purity decrease at the first instants of evolution (when purity is close to unity). We find that purity at very small times is maximal when an initial state of an open system coincides with one of the eigenstates of the interaction operator, no mat...

In any biomedical and chemical context, a truthful description of chemical constitution requires coverage of both structure and purity. This qualification affects all drug molecules, regardless of development stage (early discovery to approved drug) and source (natural product or synthetic). Purity assessment is particularly critical in discovery programs and whenever chemistry is linked with b...