Motivated by the peace process in Israel I define a peace-making game by positive aggregate externalities and strategic complements and provide a characterization of equilibria without uncertainty. I argue that under the realistic scenario two pure equilibria exists involving either full peace-making efforts or no at all by both parties. I show that under Knightian uncertainty, that is uncertai...

in order to elucidate the significance and the position of international cultural relations in transformation of global peace and security, we should initially study its indicators through the cultural relationships among the nations, public, private and international organizations, social movements, international displacement /migration and modern communication technologies and then we should ...

The paper presents the experiences made with the design and implementation of the PEACE message-passing kernel. PEACE is the object-oriented parallel operating system developed for the MANNA parallel computer. MANNA is a dual-processor-node distributed-memory machine using crossbar technology for node interconnection. Performance figures of the PEACE kernel configurations are presented and thei...

Peace is the parallel operating system developed for Suprenum. Originally designed as object-based operating system relying on a microker-nel, in the meantime an evolutionary change toward object orientation took place. Based on a kernel family, this new generation Peace system was designed to act as \software backplane" for parallel computing. The rationale for this metamorphosis is presented,...

Peace is commonly considered as 'absence of war'. Nevertheless, peace the so called 'positive peace' (Galtung, 1996) – implies a lot more than this. It implies the creation of a society based on social justice through equal opportunity, a fair distribution of power and resources, equal protection and impartial enforcement of law, and above all, mutual cultural understanding and respect. Th us, ...

Once a set of civil war actors reach a final peace agreement, a number of different implementation sequences are possible as the negotiated provisions are put into practice. We focus on a key but threatening stepping stone in the post-accord period—the holding of the first post-accord election—which has the capacity to be a stabilizing or destabilizing force. We identify effective accommodation...

Throughout Africa, there has been a rising amount of civil unrest. The continent has been plagued with genocide, resource wars, ethnic conflict and civil war. In recent years, the world has seen multiple efforts to create peace throughout Africa. While there have been many peace accords signed throughout the region, the success of creating stable peace has not been achieved. In response to the ...

Achieving peace and building the institutions that will make it last require much time and e¤ort on the part of adversaries. While making this e¤ort, the likelihood of peace is uncertain and preparations forcon‡ict are on-going. We examine a setting that takes such considerations into account. Adversaries divide their resources between “guns,”“butter,” and investments in con‡ict management. Eve...

from the perspective of theorists of international relations including functionalists and regionalists, establishment of cooperation and economic, commercial and transportation relations is among the suitable methods for fostering integration in international relations and deepening friendship, peace and stability particularly among regional countries. considering this fact, the authors believe...