the acts of the state in administrative law, according the criterion of the method, are divided into act of authority and act of management. this division is used in the different areas of administrative law such as the determination of the competent judge, the rules of civil liability of the state, etc... in the system of administrative law of iran, the criterion of the act of authority is use...

The present article intends to start introduction to the political thinking of          Machiavelli by passing through some key concepts in his thinking, and by placing his idea in the area of political thinking. Surveying ethics in Machiavelli’s political thinking needs     separate individual ethics from political (civil) one.  And explaining Machiavelli’s remarks about the category of ethics...

civil liability in electronic communications is one the most important issues of information and communications technology (ict) law. civil liability may be arisen from different causes such as copyright and trade mark infringement invasion of privacy and defamation. when discussing civil liability, two different civil liability systems may be considered: direct and indirect civil liability. in...

in this paper pre-implantation embryo from the viewpoint of civil liability of the medical group, third parties, effect of conditions of contract on change of civil liability and blood money will be discussed. the islamic jurists and lawyers have investigated all of them from the viewpoint of lawfulness and unlawfulness of this case itself, the method of creation and transfer and its jurisprude...