Shotgun metagenomics provides a powerful assumption-free approach to the recovery of pathogen genomes from contemporary and historical material. We sequenced the metagenome of a calcified nodule from the skeleton of a 14th-century middle-aged male excavated from the medieval Sardinian settlement of Geridu. We obtained 6.5-fold coverage of a Brucella melitensis genome. Sequence reads from this g...

THE study of the history of ancient Indian medicine in the Indian sub-continent as a special subject by practitioners of modem medicine, is of comparatively recent origin; some eminent Indian physicians, however, have interested themselves in the subject and have published short articles in the Indian medical press from time to time. Notably one or two have recently published small treatises on...

CONTEXT In Iran, conventional production methods of herbal oils are widely used by local practitioners. Administration of oils is rooted in traditional knowledge with a history of more than 3000 years. Scientific evaluation of these historical documents can be valuable for finding new potential use in current medicine. OBJECTIVE The current study (i) compiled an inventory of herbal oils used ...

AIM To comparatively test nine co mmercially available short tandem repeat (STR)-multiplex kits (PowerPlex 16, 16HS, ES, ESI17, ESX17, S5 [all Promega]; AmpFiSTR Identifiler, NGM and SEfiler [all Applied Biosystems]) for their efficiency and applicability to analyze ancient and thus highly degraded DNA samples. METHODS Fifteen human skeletal remains from the late medieval age were obtained an...

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The medieval Norsemen or Vikings had an important biological and cultural impact on many parts of Europe through raids, colonization and trade, from about AD 793 to 1066. To help understand the genetic affinities of the ancient Norsemen, and their genetic contribution to the gene pool of other Europeans, we analysed DNA markers in Late Iron Age skeletal remains from Norway. DNA was extracted fr...

Herein we investigate the historical origins of the Fibonacci numbers. After emphasising the importance of these numbers, we examine a standard conjecture concerning their origin only to demonstrate that it is not supported by historical chronology. Based on more recent findings, we propose instead an alternative conjecture through a close examination of the historical and historical/mathematic...

According to Patrick Colm Hogan, in the US academic context, few people in literary theory or comparative literature have much familiarity with non-Western literary theories, and fewer still have research expertise in the field. While working on a project in non-Western literary theory, he was surprised to find that many of his friends and colleagues found it difficult to understand what non-We...