We present a theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between anchoring bias, hypothetical bias, and cheap talk in constructed markets. In our theory, interviewers provide agents with signals such as cheap talk and bid values while eliciting the value for nonmarket goods. In response to these signals, agents revise their prior distributions over the value of the good. Previous e...

A theoretical framework is presented to explain how agents respond to information under uncertainty in contingent valuation surveys. Agents are provided with information signals and referendum prices as part of the elicitation process. Agents use Bayesian updating to revise prior distributions. An information prompt is presented to reduce hypothetical bias. However, we show the interaction betw...

abstractthe liquid crystal director distribution is determined for a confined chiral nematic slab. the molecular director distribution of the field-controlled chiral nematic slab is directly calculated. the director profiles for the tilt and the twist angles, under different applied fields, are calculated in the slab with weak boundary conditions. then, the dependence of the threshold field on ...

Previous work demonstrates that memory for simple stimuli can be biased by information about the distribution of which the stimulus is a member. Specifically, people underestimate values greater than the distribution's average and overestimate values smaller than the average. This is referred to as the central tendency bias. This bias has been explained as an optimal use of both noisy sensory i...

IMPACTS OF WORLDVIEW, IMPLICIT ASSUMPTIONS, BIASES, AND GROUPTHINK ON ISRAELI OPERATIONAL PLANS IN 1973, by MAJ Barry L. Johnson 46 pages. This monograph examines some cognitive constructs such as worldview, implicit assumptions, and groupthink. Further, the monograph discusses biases such as anchoring, status quo bias, confirmation bias, sunk-cost bias, framing trap, halo and pitchfork effect,...

The false consensus effect (FCE), the tendency to project our attitudes and opinions on to others, is a pervasive bias in social reasoning with a range of ramifications for individuals and society. Research in social psychology has suggested that numerous factors (anchoring and adjustment, accessibility, motivated projection, etc.) may contribute to the FCE. In this study, we examine the neural...

Abstract The liquid crystal director distribution is determined for a confined chiral nematic slab. The molecular director distribution of the field-controlled chiral nematic slab is directly calculated. The director profiles for the tilt and the twist angles, under different applied fields, are calculated in the slab with weak boundary conditions. Then, the dependence of the threshold field on...

Heterogeneity in reporting of health by socio-economic and demographic characteristics potentially biases the measurement of health disparities. We use anchoring vignettes to identify socio-demographic differences in the reporting of health in Indonesia, India and China. Homogeneous reporting by socio-demographic group is rejected and correcting for reporting heterogeneity tends to reduce sligh...

a r t i c l e i n f o Anchoring is a well-known effect leading to bias in estimation in various decision-making contexts. Previous research examining the role of individual differences in anchoring susceptibility has found weak and unreliable results. In this study anchoring was examined in a simulated poker-like card game, among people with varying levels of academic achievement and using a wi...