Studies of large free-ranging mammals have been revolutionized by non-invasive methods for assessing physiology, which usually involve the measurement of fecal or urinary biomarkers. However, such techniques are limited by numerous factors. To expand the range of physiological variables measurable non-invasively from free-ranging primates, we developed techniques for sampling monkey saliva by o...

A fully automated technique for the extraction and clean-up of low-molecular weight analytes from human serum and urine is presented. Its efficiency for sample clean-up prior to immunological assay is demonstrated for six adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones, calcidiol and the peptide hormones gastrin, insulin and glucagon. A more intensive sample clean-up, which is mandatory for liquid chromat...

This review covers conductivity detection in fabricated nanochannels and nanopores. Improvements in nanoscale sensing are a direct result of advances in fabrication techniques, which produce devices with channels and pores with reproducible dimensions and in a variety of materials. Analytes of interest are detected by measuring changes in conductance as the analyte accumulates in the channel or...

1.1 This method is applicable to the in situ and intrusive analysis of the 26 analytes listed in Table 1 for soil and sediment samples. Some common elements are not listed in Table 1 because they are considered "light" elements that cannot be detected by field portable x-ray fluorescence (FPXRF). They are: lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, and phosphorus. Most of the ana...

Mathematical algorithms offer a useful method for quantitative analysis of compounds in multi-component mixtures to overcome the overlapping problems occurred in UV spectrophotometry. The aim of this study is to develop a method to determine the bioactive compounds in herbal dosage forms produced from fenugreek extract. A UV- spectrophotometric method based on mathematical algorithm was used to...

Polyaniline/Fe3 O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and employed as a sorbent for the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of seven triazine herbicides from environmental water samples. The properties of the prepared magnetic sorbent were characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating sample magnetome...

In recent years, laboratory testing in the critical-care setting has increased, a trend due, in part, to the evolution of electrochemical sensors. Various innovations have extended sensor lifetimes, reduced sensor maintenance, and led to the development of single-use and unit-use disposable sensors. These sensor technologies allow the accurate and precise determination, either at or near the be...

Clinical medicine and public health would benefit from simplified acquisition of biological samples from patients that can be easily obtained at point of care, in the field, and by patients themselves. Microneedle patches are designed to serve this need by collecting dermal interstitial fluid containing biomarkers without the dangers, pain, or expertise needed to collect blood. This study prese...

We developed a novel noncompetitive immunoassay format for monoepitopic analytes and describe here a model assay for triiodothyronine (T3), performed on Ciba Corning's ACS:180 analyzer. Acridinium ester (AE)-labeled bivalent anti-T3 was incubated with the sample, producing AE-anti-T3/T3 complexes and unreacted AE-anti-T3. Controlled-pore glass particles (CPG) with immobilized diiodothyronine (T...

A column-switching HPLC system was utilized for the simultaneous determination of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites metanephrine, normetanephrine, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in human urine. The sample was injected directly onto a C18-alkyl-diol silica precolumn, which separated the analytes from matrix...