Because a shortage of new antimicrobial agents is a critical issue at present, and with the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, the use of fosfomycin to treat infections is being revisited as a "last-resort option." This drug offers a particular benefit in that it is more effective against bacteria growing under oxygen-limited conditions, unlike other commonly used antimicrobials, su...

It has been reported recently that coleoptiles of Zea mays develop a geotropic response under anaerobic conditions (2). The geotropic response of a coleoptile arises from the differential growth of the upper and lower halves of the organ. At least 3 independent investigations have shown that in Avena sativa coleoptiles growth is totally arrested in the absence of 02 (1,6, 9). It is therefore di...

It has been reported recently that coleoptiles of Zea mays develop a geotropic response under anaerobic conditions (2). The geotropic response of a coleoptile arises from the differential growth of the upper and lower halves of the organ. At least 3 independent investigations have shown that in Avena sativa coleoptiles growth is totally arrested in the absence of 02 (1,6, 9). It is therefore di...

Introduction of a cellobiose utilization pathway consisting of a cellodextrin transporter and a β-glucosidase into Saccharomyces cerevisiae enables co-fermentation of cellobiose and xylose. Cellodextrin transporter 1 (CDT1) from Neurospora crassa has been established as an effective transporter for the engineered cellobiose utilization pathways. However, cellodextrin transporter 2 (CDT2) from t...

a thermophilic anaerobic contact reactor for the treatment of potato-processing wastewaterswas designed as a continuous-flow, completely-mixed homogeneous system. the reactor was operated at ten different organic loading rates ranging from 0.84 g cod/l·d to 7.00 g cod/l·d for a duration of approximately 250 days. the fundamental way to maintain optimum operating conditions of anaerobic digestio...

OBJECTIVE The impact of anaerobic growth conditions on the Staphylococcus aureus toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) production was studied. METHODS Ten strains of S. aureus derived from patients with toxic shock syndrome (TSS), 10 isolates of S. aureus, and documented TSST-1-producing strains recovered from patients with either staphylococcal septicemia or staphylococcal nongenital abscess...

Iron storage in yeast requires the activity of the vacuolar iron transporter Ccc1. Yeast with an intact CCC1 are resistant to iron toxicity, but deletion of CCC1 renders yeast susceptible to iron toxicity. We used genetic and biochemical analysis to identify suppressors of high iron toxicity in Δccc1 cells to probe the mechanism of high iron toxicity. All genes identified as suppressors of high...

BACKGROUND Fermentation of xylose to ethanol has been achieved in S. cerevisiae by genetic engineering. Xylose utilization is however slow compared to glucose, and during anaerobic conditions addition of glucose has been necessary for cellular growth. In the current study, the xylose-utilizing strain TMB 3415 was employed to investigate differences between anaerobic utilization of glucose and x...

Under aerobic conditions, tyrosinase is inactivated by dopa as a result of suicide inactivation, and, under anaerobic conditions, as a result of irreversible inactivation. However, tyrosine protects the enzyme from being inactivated by dopa under anaerobic conditions. This paper describes how under aerobic conditions the enzyme acting on tyrosine is not directly inactivated but undergoes a proc...