Objectives: Neck pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders among smartphone users. The purpose of the present study was to compare the immediate effects of rest and McKenzie exercise on pain level and disability index among individuals who complained of pain and discomfort in the neck after using a smartphone. Methods: Ten males and 14 females with an average age of 25.71 year...

the present study investigated the effect of the two vocabulary teaching techniques in est, namely the use of translation and the use of visual aids as two separate vocabulary teaching techniques. to answer the question of the study, a pretest (michigan test) was administered to the 58 randomly selected est students at khajeh nasiredin tusi university, faculty of mechanics. after the homogeneit...

Background & objectives: Insulin-like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) has a variety of roles, but the abundance of scientific evidence indicates that it is a metabolic biomarker associated with physical fitness and health. The present study investigates the effect of eight weeks of polarized exercise training on serum GH / IGF-1- indices in active young men. Methods: In this double-blind experimental ...

critical thinking ability has an important role in education. accordingly, scholars around the world are searching for new ways for teaching and improving students critical thinking ability. in line with the studies in efl contexts supporting the positive relationship between critical thinking and writing performances, this study investigated the differential effects of halverson’s critical thi...

abstract the present study was an attempt to investigate the effect of critical thinking on writing ability of 60 iranian intermediate efl learners studying at chenar language institute in khuzestan, iran. to this end, the participants of the study were selected based on their performance in an pet test, a cornell critical thinking test form x and a pre-test of writing. the participants un...

abstract this study set out to compare the effect of modality of presentation (subtitled vs. auditory) in the comprehension of verbal content of documentary films among iranian efl students. to this end, (30 male 30 female) students were chosen from two schools. after their homogeneity was established, the students attended the listening sessions to watch five documentary films over t...

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of one intensive training session on the changes of beta-endorphin and serum cortisol levels of elite wrestlers. Methods: In this quasi-experimental research with one group and pretest-posttest design, 16 elite wrestlers within the age range of 18 to 25 years were purposefully and selected and they voluntarily participated in the research. ...