the aberrant assembly of proteins into fibrillar aggregates is accused to be the primary cause of pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. but the structural determinants of protein fibrils that are responsible for cell dysfunction are not yet clear. in the current study, cell culture, spectroscopic techniques as well as theoretical and structural investigations were used to determine the ab...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease that was characterized with deposit of beta amyloid (aβ) aggregate in senile plaque. oxidative damage to neurons and loss of cholinergic neurons in forebrain region are observed in this disease. melissa officinalis is a medicinal plant from lamiaceae family, used traditionally in the treatment of cognitive disorders. it has cholinomimetic ...

conclusions the results of this study suggest that app reduction by hdacis can apparently play an important role in the treatment of colon cancer. background amyloid precursor protein (app), which is involved in cell proliferation, is observed to be over expressed in human cancer. thus, it is crucial to investigate its role in cancer and suggest treatment strategies to alter its effects on cell...

introduction: alzheimer’s disease (ad) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, which has much benefited from animal models to find the basics of its pathophysiology. in our previous work (haghani, shabani, javan, motamedi, & janahmadi, 2012), a non-transgenic rat model of ad was used in electrophysiological studies. however, we did not investigate the histological aspects in the ...

Cell adhesion molecules in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans contain amyloid-forming sequences that are highly conserved. We have now used site-specific mutagenesis and specific peptide perturbants to explore amyloid-dependent activity in the Candida albicans adhesin Als5p. A V326N substitution in the amyloid-forming region conserved secondary structure and ligand binding, but abrog...

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have shown incomplete concordance with amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET). Our goal was to analyze the agreement between CSF and amyloid-PET in a multicenter study. Method Retrospective study (6 centers). Participants who underwent both maximum time tests <18 months were included. Biomarkers considered abnormal according cut points of each...

Background This study was aimed to evaluate the regional hierarchical brain atrophy among preclinical mild cognitive impairment (MCI) stages of Alzheimer’s disease associated with amyloid deposition using [18F]flutemetamol positron emission tomography and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging. Method a prospective, single-cohort volunteers who were living independently in Itabashi-ku (Tokyo, Ja...

Dysregulation of the proteolytic processing of amyloid precursor protein by γ-secretase and the ensuing generation of amyloid-β is associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the identification of amyloid precursor protein binding proteins involved in regulating processing of amyloid precursor protein by the γ-secretase complex is essential for understanding the mechanisms un...

Amyloid formation in the pancreatic islets due to aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) contributes to reduced β-cell mass and function in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and islet transplantation. Protein kinase B (PKB) signaling plays a key role in the regulation of β-cell survival, function and proliferation. In this study, we used human and hIAPP-expressing transgenic mouse islets in...

Detecting and treating Alzheimer’s disease, before cognitive deficits occur, has become the health challenge of our time. The earliest known event in Alzheimer’s disease is rising amyloid-b. Previous studies have suggested that effects on synaptic transmission may precede plaque deposition. Here we report how relative levels of different soluble amyloid-b peptides in hippocampus, preceding plaq...