After the removal of amalgam restorations, black staining of dentin is often observed, which is attributed to the penetration of corrosion products from amalgam. A study was carried out to determine whether this amalgam stained dentin is a proper substrate for bonding resin composites. A literature study and an in vitro study showed that Sn and Zn in particular are found in amalgam stained dent...

OBJECTIVE Exposure to mercury can occur in occupational and environmental settings. During clinical work with dental amalgam, the dental personnel are exposed to both metallic mercury and mercury vapor. The aim of the present study was to investigate blood mercury level (BML) and its determinants among dentists practicing in Hamadan city, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross sectional study...

We study inverse semigroup amalgams of the form S U T where S and T are free inverse semigroups and U is an arbitrary nitely generated inverse subsemigroup of S and T. We make use of recent work of Bennett to show that the word problem is decidable for any such amalgam. This is in contrast to the general situation for semigroup amalgams, where recent work of Birget, Margolis and Meakin shows th...

The dental identification of human remains utilizes the matching of dental restorations. The radiographic images of amalgam restorations are paramount in this process. The compound amalgam restoration has a unique radiographic morphology and can be readily identified in both antemortem and postmortem data. To test the radiographic morphology of compound amalgam restorations, 10 out of 40 Typodo...

The physical properties of amalgam are influenced by various manipulative factors such as mercury-alloy ratio, mixing time, existence of a ball in the capsule in the process of mixing, condensation pressure and the twisting movement given to the amalgam mix by the plugger in the process of condensation[1-8]. These factors, on the whole, determine the properties of amalgam restorations. It is cl...

Human oral mucosa is subjected to many noxious stimuli. One of these substances, in those who have restorations, is dental amalgam which contains mercury. This paper focuses on the local toxic effects of amalgam and mercury from dental restorations. Components of amalgam may, in rare instances, cause local side effects or allergic reactions referred to as oral lichenoid lesions (OLLs). OLLs to ...

Purpose: To compare in vitro fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored with bonded amalgam or resin composite. Materials and Methods: Fifty intact and caries-free premolars that had been extracted for orthodontic treatment were selected. All teeth were subjected to endodontic procedures and MOD cavity preparation. They were then randomly divided into the five following gr...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The present study evaluated the most common reasons for replacing amalgam restorations in a university clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 217 restorations which needed to be replaced were clinically and radiographically evaluated in a period of 4 months. The frequencies of reasons for replacing amalgam restorations were calculated: The assessed items included recurre...

We describe a parameter-free estimation-of-distribution algorithm (EDA) called the adapted maximum-likelihood Gaussian model iterated density-estimation evolutionary algorithm (AMaLGaM-ID[Formula: see text]A, or AMaLGaM for short) for numerical optimization. AMaLGaM is benchmarked within the 2009 black box optimization benchmarking (BBOB) framework and compared to a variant with incremental mod...

Background & Aims: Repair of defective restoration is more conservative than replacing it. Veneering the amalgam restorations with opaque resin materials can satisfy the esthetic demands. Evaluation of interfacial bond quality between amalgam and composite surface is one of the important factors in assessing the quality of repaired amalgam which can be achieved...