The traditional formula used for analysis of surplus in the presence of a conservative valuation basis is compared to a similar formula used for analysis of profit under the margin on services valuation method using a realistic basis. Deficiencies of the former formula relative to the latter are noted. A revised formula is presented which overcomes these deficiencies while still allowing the us...

The simple integer recourse (SIR) function of a decision variable is the expectation of the integer roundup of the shortage/surplus between a random variable with a known distribution and the decision variable. It is the integer analogue of the simple (continuous) recourse function in two stage stochastic linear programming. Structural properties and approximations of SIR functions have been ex...

The purpose of the paper is to demonstrate, how a dynamic aging chain model can support strategic decisions in personnel planning. More specifically, we use a system dynamics model to improve the recruitment and training process in a large German service provider in the wider field of logistics. The key findings are that the aging chain of service operators within the company is affected by a v...

I identify assumptions under which policies that maximize expected surplus are Pareto Optimal–even when expected consumer surplus does not even locally represent preferences over price-income lotteries. Besides the oft-made partial equilibrium assumptions that only one price varies, and that income changes do not affect demand, the two other assumptions are that every consumer’s indirect utilit...

Using the mathematic techniques such as Fuzzy approach has useful outcomes for production planning in different sources. In this paper LGP1 was used to model the objectives such as: avoidance of shortage or surplus of demand, access to maximum of income, using the normal capacity of production and organizing the inventory of warehouse, within the framework of Goal constraints like balancing b...

Many school districts apply the student-proposing deferred acceptance algorithm after ties among students are broken exogenously. We compare two common tie-breaking rules: one in which all schools use a single common lottery, and one in which every school uses a separate independent lottery. We identify the balance between supply and demand as the determining factor in this comparison. First we...