This study analyzes the conception of gharar , which is generally translated as either risk or uncertainty, in post-formative Islamic commercial law. According to Muslim jurists, gharar arises from uncertainty in commercial transactions. However, unlike other areas of the Islamic intellectual tradition in which uncertainty engenders errors, the uncertainty associated with gharar enables jurists...

Ibn Cena (1020 A.D.) described the anatomy of the human heart, ascending aorta and the inferior vein, and postulated anastomoses of the arteries with the veins in the extremeties to keep. the blood in circulation and suggested the presence Qf interatrial communication during the earlier stages of life. Abu Sahl Masihi (1027 A.D., elucidated the vena caval drainage into the right ventricle and t...

Yaşadığı zamanın ve bundan yüzyıllar sonraki modern dönemin şüphesiz en meşhur tartışmalı isimlerinden/figürlerinden biri Hanbelî alim İbn Teymiyye’dir (ö. 1328). 14. yüzyıl İslam dünyasının temel meselelerine dair sayısız fetva kaleme almış usûlü’d-dîn, fıkıh, hadis, tefsir gibi birçok ilmin aslî konularını kapsayan hacimli eserler yazmıştır. Teymiyye’nin hem entelektüel ilmî duruşuna de serde...

AIMS & OBJECTIVE To determine the age and gender distribution and clinical presentation of patients together with histological types of colorectal cancer cases presented to Ibn Sina specialized hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective study was conducted in Ibn Sina Hospital (Sudan). Seventy three (73) patients of colorectal cancer who presented in the period from January 2010 to Dec...