Arthropod-borne viruses are a major cause of emerging disease with significant public health and economic impacts. However, the factors that determine their activity and seasonality are not well understood. In Australia, a network of sentinel cattle herds is used to monitor the distribution of several such viruses and to define virus-free regions. Herein, we utilize these serological data to de...

Akabane virus (AKAV) is an insect-borne belonging to the genus Orthobunyavirus of family Peribunyaviridae. It etiologic agent disease (AD), which emerged in Asia, Australia, and Middle East causing severe economic losses among domestic wild animals. AKAV has not received enough attention Egypt, its evidence Egyptian animals never been reported. Therefore, this study used ELISA assay investigate...

The entry mechanisms of Akabane virus (AKAV), Bunyaviridae family, have not yet been determined. In this study, chemical inhibitors were used to analyze endocytic mechanisms during AKAV infection of mammalian cell lines. The analyses using drug treatments followed by quantitative measurement of viral RNA and N protein revealed that AKAV enters non-bovine-derived cell lines (Vero, HmLu-1 and BHK...

Recent global warming trends may have a significant impact on vector-borne viral diseases, possibly affecting vector population dynamics and disease transmission. This study measured levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and neutralizing antibodies against Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINV) for Thoroughbred horses in Korea. Blood...

AIM The study was conducted in Basrah, Iraq, to diagnose congenital arthrogryposis-hydranencephaly syndrome caused by Akabane virus (AKAV) in calves. MATERIALS AND METHODS Affected animals (42 calves) are about 2-27 days old from both sexes show signs of arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly. Eight clinically healthy newborn calves were considered as controls. Diagnosis of AKAV was confirmed usi...

Nootkatone, a characteristic constituent of grapefruit, stimulates energy metabolism and 1 prevents diet-induced obesity by activating AMPK 2 3 Takatoshi Murase, Koichi Misawa, Satoshi Haramizu, Yoshihiko Minegishi, and Tadashi Hase 4 5 Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 6 321-3497, Japan 7 Running head: Nootkatone activates AMPK 8 9...