1. linear and reticular opacities; 2. multiple nodules and nodular opacities; 3. parenchymal opacification, including consolidation and ground-glass opacity; 4. air-filled cystic lesions, including lung cysts, cystic lung disease, emphysema, and dilated bronchi (bronchiectasis); and 5. decreased lung attenuation, including mosaic perfusion, mosaic attenuation, and air trapping on expiratory sca...

We have developed a novel gel trapping technique (GTT) which allows the three-phase contact angle of microparticles to be determined at an air-water or an oil-water interface. The method is applicable for particle diameters ranging from several hundred nanometers to several hundred micrometers. We also used the GTT for replicating of particle monolayers at liquid surfaces and for preparation of...

We suggest a novel approach in all-optical trapping employing a photophoretic force for manipulation of absorbing particles in open air. We demonstrate experimentally the robust three-dimensional guiding, over the distances of a few millimeters, of agglomerates of carbon nanoparticles with the size spanned from 100 nm to 10 microm, as well as their acceleration up to velocities of 1 cm/sec. We ...

A control oriented dynamic model of the Lean NOx Trap (LNT) behavior has been developed in SIMULINK. The model simulates the trapping and purging phenomena and includes the important parameters which affect the LNT behavior. These include the trap temperature, trapping and purging duration, air fuel ratios and the mass flow rates of the exhaust gases. Engine dynamometer test data have been used...

Lichens are used as effective monitors to detect low-level air pollution which may affect different flora and fauna communities. Epiphytic lichens have been widely recognized as effective eco-friendly bio-monitors for detection of metal deposition on trees, rocks and bare ground. This article is concerned with the use of lichens in bio-monitoring of air pollution, how the lichens do recognize a...

The water spider Argyroneta aquatica lives under water, diving to various depths from time to time. At rest, it breathes air trapped within its diving bell with a hydrophilic surface. Outside their diving bell water spiders trap air on their abdomen under a layer of hydrophobic hair. Is the structure of the layer of hair trapping a volume of air on the abdomen of the water spider Argyroneta aqu...

A dynamic array of dark optical traps is generated for simultaneous trapping and arbitrary manipulation of multiple low-index microstructures. The dynamic intensity patterns forming the dark optical trap arrays are generated using a nearly loss-less phase-to-intensity conversion of a phase-encoded coherent light source. Two-dimensional input phase distributions corresponding to the trapping pat...

We studied the natural history of brain air embolism by observing bubbles in the pial vessels of rabbits and the effect of different doses of intracarotid air on brain function and blood flow. We identified and then studied two doses of air; 25 microliters in five rabbits caused rapid bubble transit, recovery, and then deterioration in brain function and blood flow and 400 microliters in five r...

Background and Purpose: Airborne fungi are one of the most important agents responsible for triggering allergic reactions such as rhinitis and severe asthma. This study was conducted to analyze and monitor the prevalence and distribution patterns of atmospheric fungal aerosols in the air of Qazvin during winter of 2012. Materials and Methods: In the current descriptive study, the incidence ...