Controlled radical polymerization has proven to be a viable route to obtain polymers with narrow polydispersities (PDI’s) and controlled molecular weights under simple reaction conditions. It also offers control over the chain‐ends of the synthesized polymer. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is the most studied and utilized of these techniques. In this study ATRP has ...

A new method to prepare nanostructured hybrid hydrogels by incorporating well-defined poly(oligo (ethylene oxide) monomethyl ether methacrylate) (POEO(300)MA) nanogels of sizes 110-120 nm into a larger three-dimensional (3D) matrix was developed for drug delivery scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Rhodamine B isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (RITC-Dx) or fluorescein isothiocyanate-lab...

Compensatory mechanisms are often used to achieve stability by reducing variance, which can be accomplished via negative feedback during homeostatic regulation. In principle, compensation can also be implemented through feedforward mechanisms where a regulator acts to offset the anticipated output variation; however, few such neural mechanisms have been demonstrated. We provide evidence that an...

Graft modifications of PVDF fluoropolymers have been identified as the efficient route to improve properties and expand applications. Taking advantage C-F C-Cl bonds in repeat units, atom transfer radical polymerizations (ATRP) were widely used for graft modification. Recently, photoinduced ATRP has shown good spatial temporal control over polymerization process contrast thermal activation mode...

Photooxidized tryptophan (TRP) in tissue culture medium elicits a transient cytochrome P450 (CYP1) induction response in cultured cells. We show here that exposure of TRP to window sunlight (aTRP) greatly increased the potency, efficacy, and duration of CYP1A induction by TRP in primary chick embryo hepatocytes and in vivo. Aqueous TRP exposed to sunlight for 7 days exhibited a 100-fold or grea...

INTRODUCTION Polymeric materials are ubiquitous in our daily life and play a major role in scientific discoveries for constructing next generation smart materials, bioelectronics, novel drug carriers and so on. Numerous polymerizations methods have been developed to access functional polymeric materials, with metalcatalyzed polymerizations proven one of the most successful. However, some inhere...

Stackable gels comprised of layers of dissimilar polymers were synthesized by combining conventional free radical polymerization (FRP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using two approaches: (i) polymerization of a pre-gel solution containing a monomer and cross-linker introduced on top of a previously prepared gel, and (ii) simultaneous polymerization of two immiscible pre-gel so...

A series of ABA triblock copolymers, consisting of double-bond-containing poly(phenoxyallene) (PPOA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), or poly(butyl acrylate) (PBA) segments, were synthesized by sequential free radical polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). A new bifunctional initiator bearing azo and halogen-containing ATRP initiating groups was first prepared followe...

BACKGROUND Computerized mathematical models describing absolute and relative individual growth during puberty in both cm and standard deviation (SD)-scores are lacking. The present study aimed to fill this gap, by applying the QEPS-model that delineates mathematically the specific pubertal functions of the total growth curve. METHODS Study population used was the individual growth curves of t...

Article info: Received: 23 January 2013 Accepted: 5 February 2013 ABSTRACT One of the major challenges in modern synthetic polymer chemistry is to synthesize end defined polymers of different end functionality with predetermined uniform molecular weight. End functionalized polymers/copolymers basically in block and grafting form are having several potential applications in biomedical areas in t...