It has been estimated that 18% of the adult population of the United States is edentulous.1 Epidemiologically, however, little is known about the edentulous. This report describes some of the characteristics of a group of edentulous persons and compares them with those of dentulous persons. Of the social and physiologic measurements obtained during the initial investigation in the Tecumseh Comm...

BACKGROUND Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is an established risk factor for several bacterial infections, the association between HIV infection and meningococcal disease remains unclear. METHODS Expanded chart reviews were completed on persons with meningococcal disease and HIV infection reported from 2000 through 2008 from 9 US sites participating in an active populati...

The incidence of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults is a key driver for the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine used among children. We sought to obtain more accurate incidence estimates among adults by including results of pneumococcal urine antigen testing (UAT) from population-based pneumonia surveillance in two Thai provinces. Active surveillance from 2006 to 2011 identifi...

PURPOSE To estimate the prevalence of refractive errors among adult black and white Americans and to identify risk factors associated with these refractive errors. METHODS Refractive error was measured in a population-based sample of black and white adults age 40 or older residing in east Baltimore from 1985 through 1988. Aphakic eyes were excluded from analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of m...

BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptors have been mapped throughout the brain suggesting a role for vitamin D in psychosomatic disorders. Results from previous epidemiological studies on relation between vitamin D status and depression are equivocal. Also, limited information is available relating vitamin D status with depression in young adult US population. METHODS Data from the third National Healt...

People smile in various emotional contexts, for example, when they are amused or angry or simply being polite. We investigated whether younger and older adults differ in how well they are able to identify the emotional experiences accompanying smile expressions, and whether the age of the smiling person plays a role in this respect. With this aim, we produced 80 video episodes of three types of...

The relationship of elevated depression risk recently discovered among adult persons raised by same-sex parents with possible precipitating conditions in childhood has not previously been acknowledged. This study tests whether such inattention is supportable. Logistic regression based risk ratios were estimated from longitudinal measures of mental health outcomes observed in three waves (at age...

Support persons of haematological cancer survivors may be faced with unique challenges due to the course of these diseases and the treatments required. This study aimed to examine the social and financial impacts associated with their role. Eight hundred adult survivors of haematological cancer within 3 years of diagnosis were invited via an Australian state population-based cancer registry to ...

Non-adherence to medical regimens is a critical threat to HIV-infected individuals. Persons living with HIV/AIDS must adhere to their outpatient medical appointments to benefit from continually improving HIV care regimens. The primary purpose of the present study was to identify individual and psychosocial characteristics associated with HIV-related medical appointment non-attendance. One hundr...

Abstract The number of relatives and geographical proximity between them affects informal support provided to older persons. In this study, we investigate whether (a) childless persons parents living remotely from their adult children experience similar shortages in support, (b) neighbours, friends other non-family helpers compensate for these shortages. On the basis Survey on Health, Ageing Re...