Obesity, especially visceral adiposity, is a major determinant of the development of type 2 diabetes. Both visceral adiposity and insulin resistance are strongly related to cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. One of the areas where the correlation between visceral fat (upper body adiposity) and cardiovascular risk is most apparent is the prediabetic state. We have...

Obesity in children is a cause for concern because it may predict adult obesity and increased risk of coronary heart disease in adult life. Adiposity in preschool children is measured by different conventional indices. The aim of the present study was to measure the indicators of abdominal adiposity - waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-height ratio (WHTR), conicity index (CI...

APOE plays a well established role in lipid metabolism. Animal model evidence suggests APOE may also be associated with adiposity, but this has not been thoroughly investigated in humans. We measured adiposity (BMI, truncal fat mass, waist circumference), physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness and APOE genotype (E2, E3, E4) in 292 8-year-old children from the Tasmanian Infant Health ...

OBJECTIVES The prevalence of obesity is disproportionately higher among African-Americans and Hispanics as compared to whites. We investigated the role of biogeographic ancestry (BGA) on adiposity and changes in adiposity in the Boston Area Community Health Survey. METHODS We evaluated associations between BGA, assessed via Ancestry Informative Markers, and adiposity (body mass index (BMI), p...

This review summarizes the association between directly assessed physical activity and adiposity in preschool children (age 1.5-6 years). It includes 17 cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that were published between January 1999 and February 2010. The association between physical activity and obesity seems to depend on the outcome measure of adiposity. In 60% (3/5) of the studies using pe...

OBJECTIVE Variation in taste perception and exposure to risk factors of taste alterations have been independently linked with elevated adiposity. Using a laboratory database, taste-adiposity associations were modeled and examined for whether taste functioning mediates the association between taste-related risk factors and adiposity. METHODS Healthy women (n = 407, 35.5 ± 16.9 y) self-reported...

BACKGROUND a direct association between visceral adiposity on abdominal computed tomography (CT) and cognitive performance has not been reported. OBJECTIVES to investigate the associations between total and regional adiposity measured with abdominal CT, and cognitive performance in elderly persons and to explore their modification by age. DESIGN cross-sectional study. SETTING a health pro...

OBJECTIVE A number of measures of childhood adiposity are in use, but all are relatively imprecise and prone to bias. We constructed an adiposity index (AI) using a number of different measures. METHODS Detailed body composition data on 460 of the Gateshead Millennium Study cohort at the age of 6-8 years were analysed. The AI was calculated using factor analysis on age plus thirteen measures ...

OBJECTIVES Central adiposity, insulin resistance and hypertension are clearly interrelated but the mechanisms underlying this association have not been thoroughly elucidated. As renal sodium handling plays a central role in salt-sensitive forms of hypertension, we investigated the relation of renal tubular sodium handling to abdominal adiposity, blood pressure and insulin sensitivity. DESIGN ...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity is increasing, and there is evidence that obesity, in particular abdominal obesity as a marker of insulin resistance, is negatively associated with pulmonary function. The mechanism for this association and the best marker of abdominal adiposity in relation to pulmonary function is not known. STUDY OBJECTIVE We assessed the association between pulmonary fu...