An organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a power cycle employing an organic working fluid. The term ORC is also applied generally to any Rankine cycle with a low-grade heat source (80° – 300 o C). Because ORC are often employed in small-scale applications, use of positive displacement equipment is favored over the centrifugal units used in large-scale power plants. A key feature of a positive displace...

We consider possible interpretations of the recently detected X-ray afterglow from the gamma-ray burst source GRB 970228. Cosmological and Galactic models of gamma-ray bursts predict different flux and spectral evolution of X-ray afterglows. We show that models based on adiabatic expansion of relativistic forward shocks require very efficient particle energization or post-burst re-acceleration ...

We present experimental evidence for scale invariant behaviour of the excitation spectrum in phase-fluctuating quasi-1d Bose gases after a rapid change of the external trapping potential. Probing density correlations in free expansion, we find that the temperature of an initial thermal state scales with the spatial extension of the cloud as predicted by a model based on adiabatic rescaling of i...

The interaction between two atoms in states with nonzero electronic orbital angular momenta is anisotropic and can be represented by a spherical tensor expansion. The authors derive expressions for the first order (electrostatic) and second order (dispersion and induction) anisotropic interaction coefficients in terms of the multipole moments and dynamic polarizabilities of the atoms and show t...

In the small mass ratio expansion and on equatorial plane, two-body problem for point particles in general relativity admits a quasi-circular inspiral motion followed by transition-to-plunge motion. We first derive equations governing Kerr background at adiabatic, post-adiabatic post-post-adiabatic orders slow-timescale terms of self-force we highlight structure higher subleading orders. parall...

The initial production and dynamical expansion of hot spherical nuclei are examined as the first stage both in the projectile-multifragmentation and in central collision processes. The initial temperatures, which are necessary for entering the adiabatic spinodal region, as well as the minimum temperatures and densities, which are reached in the expansion, significantly differ for hard and soft ...

We study the long-time evolution of the ion temperature in an expanding ultracold neutral plasma using spatially resolved, laser-induced-fluorescence spectroscopy. Adiabatic cooling reduces the ion temperature by an order of magnitude during the plasma expansion, to temperatures as low as 0.2K. Cooling is limited by heat exchange between ions and the much hotter electrons. We also present evide...

The initial production and dynamical expansion of hot spherical nuclei are examined as the first stage in the projectile-multifragmentation process. The initial temperatures, which are necessary for entering the adiabatic spinodal region, as well as the minimum temperatures and densities, which are reached in the expansion, significantly differ for hard and soft equations of state. Additional i...

The tight coupling expansion, appropriately generalized to include large-scale magnetic fields, allows the estimate of the brightness perturbations of CMB anisotropies for typical wavelengths that are larger than the Hubble radius after matter-radiation equality. After discussing the basic features of the the pre-decoupling initial conditions in the presence of fully inhomogeneous magnetic fiel...

We have used the free expansion of ultracold neutral plasmas as a time-resolved probe of electron temperature. A combination of experimental measurements of the ion expansion velocity and numerical simulations characterize the crossover from an elastic-collision regime at low initial Gamma(e), which is dominated by adiabatic cooling of the electrons, to the regime of high Gamma(e) in which inel...