The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. There are many potential adaptation options available for marginal change of existing agricultural systems, often variations of existing climate risk management. We show that im...

Climate adaptation is a dynamic social and institutional process where the governance dimension is receiving growing attention. Adaptive governance is an approach that promises to reduce uncertainty by improving the knowledge base for decision making. As uncertainty is an inherent feature of climate adaptation, adaptive governance seems to be a promising approach for improving climate adaptatio...

Bangladesh has a coastline of 710 km along the Bay of Bengal, which will be extremely exposed to climatic hazards over the coming decades. At present, the improvement of people’s livelihoods of this zone largely depends on the climate adaptation approaches adopted mainly through water management and agricultural practice. Although the cross-sectoral dimension of the Integrated Coastal Zone Mana...

Do we invest irrational amounts of effort into keeping options viable, or do we manage available and threatened options in an adaptive fashion? To ask and answer this question, we advocate an approach that considers the dynamic properties of decision environments. By linking the exploration-vs.-exploitation dilemma to animal foraging, we show that preserving and abandoning options can both be a...

In this paper we provide a closed-form approximation as well as a measure of the error for the price of several twodimensional derivatives under the assumptions of stochastic correlation and constant volatility. The method is applied to the pricing of Spread Options and Quantos Options, while three models for the stochatsic correlation are considered.

The theory of modular binomial lattices enables the simultaneous combinatorial analysis of finite sets, vector spaces, and chains. Within this theory three generalizations of Stifling numbers of the second kind, and of Lah numbers, are developed. 1. Stirling numbers and their formal generalizations The nota t ional convent ions of this paper are as follows: N = {0,1,2 . . . . }, P = {1,2,. . . ...

Abstract Considering the feasibility and effectiveness of adaptation options is essential for guiding responses to climate change that reduce risk. Here, we assessed African context. Using Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative, a stocktake adaptation-related from peer-reviewed literature in 2013–2020, found 827 records actions Africa. We categorised evaluated 24 each option, six dimensions were ...