Background: Acute leukemia is one of the most common types of childhood malignancies and one fourth of malignancies in this age group is acute leukemia. Acute leukemia may be myeloid or lymphoid. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is characterized with abnormal proliferation of lymphoid cells and symptoms related to this are acute and if disease is not treated appropriately, it progresses rapidly and...

The ex vivo sensitivity of pediatric leukemia cells to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib was compared to 3 next generation proteasome inhibitors: the epoxyketone-based irreversible proteasome inhibitors carfilzomib, its orally bio-available analog ONX 0912, and the immunoproteasome inhibitor ONX 0914. LC50 values were determined by MTT cytotoxicity assays for 29 childhood acute lymphoblastic ...

Herein, we present a rare case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with CBFA2T3-rearrangement and the expression megakaryocytic lymphoid markers, highlighting need for high suspicion index in differential diagnosis applying adequate workup to avoid misdiagnosing this entity. CBFA2T3::GLIS2-positive AML is primarily found infants non-down syndrome megakaryoblastic (non-DSAMKL). Flow cytometry immuno...

fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by immature hematopoietic cells and is important for the normal development of stem cells and the immune system. mutations of fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 have been detected in about 30% of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and a small number of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. the fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 muta...

Abstract Background Leukemia is the most prevalent childhood cancer, and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) constitutes 75% of all cases. Some epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and some childhood cancers. In the present study, an attempt was made to assess socioeconomical status in a case-control study. Materials and Methods In 2010, a c...

Although rare, avascular necrosis of bone is a serious and incapacitating complication seen in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia receiving high dose steroids. Here we present a 16 year-old girl who developed bilateral knee and right ankle avascular osteonecrosis one year after intensive chemotherapy for medium risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Indirect curettage of necrotic tissue and...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, gingival enlargement. Abstract Most of the systemic diseases manifest signs and symptoms in oral cavity. Periodontal lesions are common in patients with acute leukemia throughout the course of the disease. Although many cases of gingival enlargement in patients with acute myeloid leukemia have been reported in literature, cases of gingival h...

Osteonecrosis is one of the most common, serious, toxicities resulting from the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In recent years, pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia clinical trials have used discontinuous rather than continuous dosing of dexamethasone in an effort to reduce the incidence of osteonecrosis. However, it is not known whether discontinuous dosing would compromise antil...

Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality in young people and new therapeutic strategies are needed to improve outcome. Recent studies have shown that heterozygous inactivating mutations in the histone acetyl transferase, CREBBP, are particularly frequent in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and associated with a hyperdiploid karyot...

T-Cell Acute Lym-phoblastic Leukemia In article number 2205854, Jingjing Ye, Min Ji, Chunyan and co-workers observed aberrant adipogenesis in the bone marrow of chemotherapy-treated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients, differentiated-adipocytes attract support residual T-ALL cells. Last, an SREBF1 inhibitor demonstrates superior improvement on therapeutic effect dexamethason by...