It is regularly to optimization of temperature and feeding profiles in batch process for several objectives and constraints. A temperature profile is applied to drive the process so as to obey certain constraints during the beer fermentation. The design of this temperature profile is an optimization problem where the objective is to minimize the operation time and optimize the quality of beer. ...

We present an analytic approach to predict gas density and temperature profiles in dark matter haloes. We assume that the gas density profile traces the dark matter profile in outer parts of the haloes, as suggested by a number of hydrodynamic simulations. Under this assumption the hydrostatic equilibrium uniquely fixes the two free parameters in the model, the mass– temperature normalization a...

We construct a mid-latitude (30–60 N) reduced temperature-depth profile from a global borehole temperature database compiled for climate reconstruction. This reduced temperature profile is interpreted in terms of past surface ground temperature change and indicates warming on the order of 1C over the past 100 to 200 years. The combination of an initial temperature (the primary free parameter) w...

PURPOSE To evaluate ablation algorithms and temperature changes in laser refractive surgery. METHODS The model (virtual laser system [VLS]) simulates different physical effects of an entire surgical process, simulating the shot-by-shot ablation process based on a modeled beam profile. The model is comprehensive and directly considers applied correction; corneal geometry, including astigmatism...

mhd boundary layer flow of two phase model nanofluid over a vertical plate is investigated both analytically and numerically. a system of governing nonlinear partial differential equations is converted into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by suitable similarity transformations and then solved analytically using homotopy analysis method and numerically by the fourth order rung...

   This paper describes the work done between IUST and two Iranian steelworks to evaluate and review the performance of mould fluxes in current use for continuous casting. Calculations have been performed to compare actual values of powder consumption, viscosity and break temperature of the fluxes in current use with required values derived from published empirical rules for casting conditions....

Ultrasound has been widely employed in food industry, while some of its working parameters are usually neglected to be described in its application, which caused the difficulty of reproducing and comparing the results obtained by different groups. So it is definitely not sufficient to simply state the ultrasound conditions such as ultrasound power, frequency and t...

The rheological and tape casting behavior of ethanol-based Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3-7 mol% BiFeO3 (BNKT-BF) slurries was investigated. The effect of sintering temperature profile on texture development with a preferred orientation was also studied. A 50 MPa pressure assisted three step sintering profile promoted extensive texture development together with densification. The role of BF as a sin...

One of the crucial steps in the design of an integrated circuit is the minimization of heating and temperature non-uniformity. Current temperature calculation methods, such as finite element analysis and resistor networks have considerable computation times, making them incompatible for use in routing and placement optimization algorithms. In an effort to reduce the computation time, we have de...