We examined the possibility of developing an animal model of tobacco smoke carcinogenesis. Male Balb/c and SWR mice were exposed for 5 months to tobacco smoke (6 h/day, 5 days/week; average concentration, 122 mg/m(3) of total suspended particulates [TSP]) followed by a recovery period of 4 months in air. In both strains there was an increase in lung tumor multiplicities and incidence, although ...

BACKGROUND The evaluation of infant meconium as a cumulative matrix of prenatal toxicant exposure requires comparison to established biomarkers of prenatal exposure. METHODS We calculated the frequency of detection and concentration of tobacco smoke metabolites measured in meconium (nicotine, cotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine concentrations) and three serial serum cotinine concentrations...

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a major health hazard that exerts diverse physiologic and biochemical effects mediated by the components present and generated during smoking. Recent experimental studies have shown predisposition to several biological consequences from both active and passive cigarette smoke exposure. In particular, passive smoking is linked to a number of adverse health effects which...

BACKGROUND In rich countries, smokers, active or passive, often belong to disadvantaged groups. Less is known of tobacco patterns in the developing world. Hence, we seek out to investigate mental and physical health consequences of smoke exposure as well as tobacco-related inequality in transitional middle-income Thailand. METHODS We studied a nationwide cohort of 87,151 middle-aged and older...

BACKGROUND While the presence of the chitinase-like molecule YKL40 has been reported in COPD and asthma, its relevance to inflammatory processes elicited by cigarette smoke and common environmental allergens, such as house dust mite (HDM), is not well understood. The objective of the current study was to assess expression and function of BRP-39, the murine equivalent of YKL40 in a murine model ...

Marijuana (MJ) smoking produces inflammation, edema, and cell injury in the tracheobronchial mucosa of smokers and may be a risk factor for lung cancer. Because oxidative stress may mediate some of these effects, this study was designed to test the hypothesis that cannabinoids in MJ smoke contribute to cellular oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was evaluated in an endothelial cell line (ECV 30...

The combination of cigarette smoke and high-level occupational asbestos exposure produces a synergistic increase in the incidence of lung cancer; however, smoking does not affect the incidence of mesothelioma. Here we present the results of tests of two theories that have been proposed to explain this phenomenon; namely, that pleural mesothelial cells are resistant to cigarette smoke-induced da...

The number of smokers globally continues to increase every year. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the death rate from smoking has reached 30%, or equivalent 17.3 million people, and figure is predicted continue until 2030, reaching 23.3 people. Of this figure, it estimated there are at least 8 deaths caused by cigarette smoke 1.2 cases which passive smokers. Passive non-smokers wh...

Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, has been used to study tobacco smoke exposure in population studies, but the authors are unaware of its use to screen hospitalized patients. The authors measured serum cotinine levels in 948 patients admitted to an urban public hospital in San Francisco, California, between September 2005 and July 2006. On the basis of cotinine levels, they classified patient...

objective: active and passive smoking lead to the production of a number of oxidants and antioxidants with various adverse health effects compromising the immune system. tobacco use increases the production of free radicals as well. the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of passive smoking on total antioxidant capacity (tac) of serum and saliva in rats. methods: this experimenta...