BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The evolution of insecticide-resistance in malaria vectors is emerging as a serious challenge for the control of malaria. Modelling the spread of insecticide-resistance is an essential tool to understand the evolutionary pressures and dynamics caused by the application of insecticides. METHODOLOGY We developed a population-genetic model of the spread of insecticide-r...

This paper presents a research framework on loading and unloading process for inter terminal transfer (ITT) operation. Container movement in the transport industry depends on the service provided in the terminal. The complexity of the activities in the process could possibly contribute to potential delays occurred. In this paper, Petri Nets (PN) is introduced as new approach in modeling the con...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a deadly vector-borne disease that causes an estimated 500 000 new cases a year. In India, Nepal and Bangladesh, VL is caused by Leishmania donovani, which is transmitted from man to man by the sandfly Phlebotomus argentipes. In 2005, these three countries signed a memorandum of understanding to eliminate VL from the region. Integrated vector management is one of ...

Background: Alzheimer disease is the cause of 60% to 70% cases dementia in elderly people, it a chronic neurodegenerative that usually starts slowly and worsens over time. AD characterized by presence senile plaques enriched with insoluble aggregate beta-amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles cholinergic neuronal degeneration brain tissue, leading neural dysfunction, neuroinflammation, critical patho...

Bioactive glasses (BGs) have received considerable attention in the fields of medical and material science been applied various applications due to their superior properties. Although studies demonstrated fabrication BG by approaches, effects acid catalysts synthesis spray pyrolyzed remain unclear. Therefore, this study, we aim synthesize nanoparticles using pyrolysis technique treated them wit...

many properties of chemicals depend on their stereochemistry. among these, the effects of stereoisomerism on percutaneous absorption of drugs are not well studied. we have previously shown that permeation of tretinoin and isotretinoin (two geometric isomers) through hydrophilic enhancers-treated rat skin is stereoselective. as, depending on their lipophilicity, penetration enhancers can change ...

This study evaluated the ability of fennel extract to improve the quality of refrigerated minced silver carp over a period of 16 days. Minced silver carp were treated with fennel extract (0.5, 1 and 1.5% w/w), and beta-hydroxy toluene (BHT 200 ppm). The control and the treated fish samples were analyzed periodically (every­4 days) by chemical analysis (Peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid (...