The paper considers an approach to modeling and simulation of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks fulfilled by a group of malefactors. The approach is based on combination of “joint intentions” and “common plans” theories as well as state machines. The formal framework for modeling and simulation of DDoS) attacks is presented. The architecture and user interfaces of the Attack Simulato...

andor network-positions of themes and theme-relations. Schizophr. Indeed, ptions cultures do not have any corresponding emotion categories for some of the emotions.

This study aimed to assess ecological quality status of hard substratum macroinvertebrates communities of the Caspian Sea with three ecological indices and their relationship with environmental factors. For this purpose, benthic communities of the Caspian Sea basin were studied seasonally during 2014 in 8 sampling sites. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, silicate an...

the current study aims to ordinate ecological groups in the wetlands of northern and eastern slopes of the sabalan mountain and investigate their relationship with environmental variables. the location of wetlands was found using field surveys and satellite images. in total, 32 wetland sites were identified for the sampling purpose. 320 sample plots (relevé) were selected using the systematic-r...

In this paper we review, develop, and differentiate among concepts associated with environmental patterning (patch,-division, and heterogeneity), spatial and temporal scales of ecological proaesses (ecological neighborhoods), and responses of organisms to environmental patterning (relative patch size, relative patch duration, ielative patgh isolation" and grain lespoqse), We gencralizc the conc...

ecological destruction in human-dominated landscapes has significant impacts on environment sustainability internationally. landscape planning can play a role in mitigating the effects of human-related activities. one element of landscape planning involves the analysis of the biological, spatial and social arrangement of areas in an urban environment and identifying characteristics that are und...

BACKGROUND Ecosystem management requires organizing, synthesizing, and projecting information at a large scale while simultaneously addressing public interests, dynamic ecological properties, and a continuum of physicochemical conditions. We compared the impacts of seven water level management plans for Lake Ontario on a set of environmental attributes of public relevance. METHODOLOGY AND FIN...

e emergence of theoretical ecology during the twentieth century advanced our understanding of what kinds of things might exist in our world. In particular, it suggested that objects like “ecological communities” and “ecosystems” might exist. In developing those ideas, ecology offered a new set of things we might care about or care for, and that development has both stimulated and challenged en...

This note studies the response of a simple linear baroclinic coastal-upwelling model to fluctuating longshore winds. Correlations between wind stress and velocities are computed explicitly. It is shown that these correlations depend primarily upon the wind-~ spectrum and that. for a realistic spectrum, the wind stress leads the longshore velocity by approximately one day. The computed correlati...