BACKGROUD To evaluate the manifestations of increased esodeviation under cycloplegia with 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine in children with hyperopia and esotropia. METHODS We reviewed the medical record of 34 children with hyperopia and esotropia who underwent a prism alternate cover test before and after instillation of mixed eye drops containing 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephri...

AIM Validating the hypothesis that accommodative microfluctuations (AMFs) may be associated with severe symptoms in short tear break-up time (BUT) dry eye (DE). METHODS This study included 12 subjects with short BUT DE (age: 49.6±18.3 years). Diagnoses were performed based on the presence of DE symptoms, BUT ≤5 s, Schirmer score >5 mm, and negative keratoconjunctival epithelial damage. Tear e...

PURPOSE To obtain experimental values of the depth-of-field (DOFi) of the human eye for different accommodative states. METHODS First, the monochromatic ocular wavefront of seven eyes from young subjects (mean [±SD] age, 29.7 [±7.7] years) was measured at eight different accommodative demands (ADs) (from -1 to 6 diopters [D] in steps of 1 D). Then, in a second part, accommodation was paralyze...

Many children with accommodative esotropia are able to successfully discontinue spectacle wear, while others require spectacle correction into adulthood. Parents often ask about the likelihood of glasses being required on a long-term basis and whether use of spectacles will cause dependency. Most infants are hyperopic and gradually become emmetropic. The extent to which accommodation and specta...

A standard set of clinical prism and cover tests and a recently developed photographic method were used to assess binocular alignment in ten monkeys that previously were determined to have a naturally occurring infantile strabismus. Extensive measurements of the alignment state were made for fixation attempts throughout the field of gaze. Patterns of alignment errors were examined in an attempt...