Computational thinking will influence everyone in every field of endeavour. This vision poses a new educational challenge for our society, especially for our children. In thinking about computing, we need to be attuned to the three drivers of our field: science, technology and society. Accelerating technological advances and monumental societal demands force us to revisit the most basic scienti...

Ionization processes limit the accelerating gradient and place an upper limit on the pulse duration of the electromagnetic driver in the inverse Cherenkov accelerator ~ICA!. Group velocity slippage, i.e., pulse lethargy, on the other hand, imposes a lower limit on the pulse duration. These limits are obtained for two ICA configurations in which the electromagnetic driver ~e.g., laser or millime...

the main objective of this article is to identify and evaluate the accelerating factor in the iranian oil nationalization movement. the main question is: what was the accelerating factor that put the iranian oil nationalization movement into practice? the article relies on the reform movement theory of neil smelser. for this purpose, fraud in the 16thnational election of the parliament, and est...

This article discusses high-frequency systems of standing wave linear electron accelerator. One of the drawbacks of standing wave accelerators is extended transient process in high-Q resonator sections, which leads to insufficient beam energy at initial stage of high frequency pulse and occurrence of medium energy spread of clusters. This spread can be eliminated by power supply of accelerator ...

– We discuss the phenomenological model in which the potential energy of the quintessence field depends linearly on the energy density of the spatial curvature. We find that the pressure of the scalar field takes a different form when the potential of the scalar field also depends on the scale factor and the energy momentum tensor of the scalar field can be expressed as the form of a perfect fl...

W-MAST (Wakasa-wan Energy Research Center Multipurpose Accelerator with Synchrotron and Tandem) consists of a tandem accelerator with 5MV terminal voltage and a compact ion synchrotron. The beam commissioning was started at the beginning of 1999 and was successfully accomplished in March 2000. A proton beam of 10MeV was injected from the tandem accelerator and accelerated by the ion synchrotron...

The existence of future horizons in spacetime geometries poses serious problems for string theory and quantum field theories. The observation that the expansion of the universe is accelerating has recently been shown to lead to a crisis for the mathematical formalism of string and M-theories, since the existence of a future horizon for an eternally accelerating universe does not allow the formu...