African Americans can experience a double consciousness-the two-ness of being an American and an African American. The present research hypothesized that: (a) double consciousness can function as 2 self-schemas-an independent self-schema tied to mainstream American culture and an interdependent self-schema tied to African American culture, and (b) U.S. educational settings can leverage an inter...

Four species of Naegleria were tested for their ability to migrate under agarose. Pathogenic N. fowleri strains exhibited rapid locomotion at 37 degrees C. Environmental isolates of N. fowleri moved faster than clinical isolates which had been kept in axenic culture for longer periods, and this result was confirmed by using the 84-2205-7 strain kept in axenic culture for 1 or 5 months. Nonpatho...

Two university varsity swimming teams took the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) at the start of the season. Swimmers with a pessimistic explanatory style wellt on to show more unexpected poor performances during competition titan optimistic swimmers. We then tested the purported mechanism of this effect by experimentally simulating defeat, giving each swimmer falsely negative' times. Per...

Faculties’ empowerment is one of the effective tools for increasing productivity and optimum use of their individual and group abilities and capacities to reach organizational goals. Organizational culture is the main component of decision making in universities and one of the requirements of psychological empowerment (i.e. meaning, competence, self-determination, trust, impact). Given the impo...

Formal validation of security protocols is of utmost importance before they gain market or academic acceptance. In particular, the results obtained from the formal validation of the improved Optimistic Fair Exchange Protocol based on Signature Policies (OFEPSP+) are presented. OFEPSP+ ensures that no party gains an unfair advantage over the other during the protocol execution, while substantial...