Often, the protocol for a randomized controlled trial states that if a patient’s health deteriorates substantially in certain specific ways, then the study treatments will no longer be considered adequate medical care, and the patient will be taken off the study treatments and given the needed care. Aberrant responses of this sort present special problems of interpretation. The few such patient...

Fig. 1. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed using a 1.5 T MRI scanner (Toshiba Medical Systems; Crawley, UK) with cardiac coil and ECG-gating. Noncontrast-enhanced MRA involved a fast-advanced spin-echo (FASE) sequence. The coronal image illustrates aberrant left brachiocephalic vein (arrowheads), which passes posterior to the left subclavian and common carotid arteries to join the right b...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...

Escape beats recorded in clinical electrocardiograms sometimes differ in contour and QRS duration from conducted beats, and this in spite of their having a relatively short cycle length. This suggests a location of the subsidiary pacemaker above the bifurcation of the common A-V bundle. While this, unlike other types of aberrant ventricular conduction, cannot be explained on a functional basis,...

A case is reported of a patient with aberrant right renal artery arising at the level of the eleventh thoracic segment associated with renal artery aneurysm and systemic hypertension. Knowledge of the existence of aberrant renal arteries is important because they may be inadvertently damaged during renal surgery and their presence must be considered in evaluating a donor kidney for possible ren...