Jaw protrusion is one of the most important innovations in vertebrate feeding over the last 400 million years [1, 2]. Protrusion enables a fish to rapidly decrease the distance between itself and its prey [2, 3]. We assessed the evolution and functional implications of jaw protrusion in teleost fish assemblages from shallow coastal seas since the Cretaceous. By examining extant teleost fishes, ...

Dynamic actin networks are excitable. In migrating cells, feedback loops can amplify stochastic fluctuations in actin dynamics, often resulting in traveling waves of protrusion. The precise contributions of various molecular and mechanical interactions to wave generation have been difficult to disentangle, in part due to complex cellular morphodynamics. Here we used a relatively simple cell typ...

Background: Although uncommon, incisional hernia is a well-known complication of abdominal surgery in children and data on the pediatric age group are sparse. The aim this study was to evaluate single center’s experience with regards incidence outcome children. Materials Methods: This retrospective aged 15 years younger who developed following surgery, between January 2013 December 2017, at uni...

The UNC-6/netrin guidance cue functions in axon guidance in vertebrates and invertebrates, mediating attraction via UNC-40/DCC family receptors and repulsion via by UNC-5 family receptors. The growth cone reads guidance cues and extends lamellipodia and filopodia, actin-based structures that sense the extracellular environment and power the forward motion of the growth cone. We show that UNC-6/...

Invasive cells use small invadopodia to breach basement membrane (BM), a dense matrix that encases tissues. Following the breach, a large protrusion forms to clear a path for tissue entry by poorly understood mechanisms. Using RNAi screening for defects in Caenorhabditis elegans anchor cell (AC) invasion, we found that UNC-6(netrin)/UNC-40(DCC) signaling at the BM breach site directs exocytosis...

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (TDH) is a rare condition resulting from blunt or penetrating thoracoabdominal trauma and characterized by the protrusion of abdominal organs into thoracic cavity through ruptured diaphragm. Due to its diverse clinical presentations, TDH often faces diagnostic challenges. Accurate diagnosis relies on imaging studies surgical exploration, with intervention being pr...

Background: Entamoeba histolytica is a unicellular, protozoon parasite of humans. It moves by jelly-like tongue-like protrusion the cytoplasm “pseudopodium”. Infections this lead to distinct clinical manifestations, including diarrhea, mild abdominal pain, loss appetite, fatigue, dysentery, and hepatic liver abscess. Methods: In paper, we discussed about disease, its epidemiology, pathophysiolo...