We consider random walks on the mapping class group that have finite first moment with respect to the word metric, whose support generates a non-elementary subgroup and contains a pseudo-Anosov map whose invariant Teichmüller geodesic is in the principal stratum of quadratic differentials. We show that a Teichmüller geodesic typical with respect to the harmonic measure for such random walks, is...

We report a novel coupling geometry for integrated waveguide photodetectors-a hybrid vertical coupling/butt coupling scheme that allows the integration of fast, efficient, photodetectors with conventional double heterostructure waveguides. It can be employed to yield a planar, or pseudo-planar, surface that supports further levels of integration. The approach is demonstrated with a 25pm-long p-...

We propose the application of two-dimensional distortion models for comparisons of medical images in a distance-based classifier. We extend a simple zero-order distortion model by using local context within the compared image parts. Vertical and horizontal image gradients as well as small sub images are used as local context. Taking into account dependencies within the displacement field of the...

A puzzling feature of pharmaceuticals markets is that sellers of branded drugs will, sometimes, sell generic versions of their own branded products, either directly or through license agreements. This paper proposes a new theoretical rationale for the fact that the introduction of these pseudogenerics may have anti-competitive effects. In a model that combines horizontal and vertical product di...

A matrix Kalman filter (MKF) has been implemented for an integrated navigation system using visual/inertial/magnetic sensors. The MKF rearranges the original nonlinear process model in a pseudo-linear process model. We employ the observability rank criterion based on Lie derivatives to verify the conditions under which the nonlinear system is observable. It has been proved that such observabili...

Pseudo-depth monotonicity condition is an important assumption of the inverse scattering internal multiple attenuation algorithm. Analysis reveals that this condition is equivalent to a vertical-time monotonicity condition which is different than the total traveltime monotonicity suggested in recent literature/discussions. For certain complex media, the monotonicity condition can be too restric...

Pins and wires offer the simplest and most effective tools for managing bone fractures and dislocations. Migration of these devices within the chest is rare, but can cause serious problems. The spontaneous migration of Kirschner wires from the right clavicle to the mediastinum resulted in penetrating injury of the esophagus and pseudo-aneurysm of the brachiocephalic artery in an 84-year-old pat...