vitamin b12 (cobalamin) is an essential coenzyme for nucleic acid synthesis. animal protein is the major dietary source of vitamin b12. deficiency of vitamin b12 leads to megaloblastic anemia, degeneration of the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and abnormalities of epithelial tissues. two factors are necessary for the cure of megaloblastic anemia: one in food (extrinsic factor) and one i...

multiple sclerosis (ms) is a complex neurological disease and its prevalence is about 2 million in the world. neuroinflammation plays a key role in ms. vitamins are essential nutrients that have effective role on immune system including activation of lymphocyte and differentiation of t-helper cell. vitamin d is a micronutrient that is effective on immune function. deficiently of vitamin d is a ...

objective vitamin e is a major lipid-soluble antioxidant. it has been demonstrated that vitamin e supplementation has a beneficial effect against coronary heart disease (chd). this study to investigate the effects of coronary risk factors on serum vitamin e status in patients with dyslipidaemia. materials and methods this tertiary care hospital; case - control study was comprised 237 dyslipidae...

backgrounds: vitamin d deficiency is a public health concern even in sunny areas, so we decided to assess the prevalence of vitamin d deficiency and its related factors among university students in shiraz. methods: this cross‑sectional study was carried out on 254 (128 male and 126 female) university students. demographic questionnaires and a questionnaire on exposure to sun light and sun prote...

Reports of hypovitaminosis D among adults in the United States have drawn attention to the vitamin D status of children. National data on hypovitaminosis D among children are not yet available. Reports from 2000 and 2001 of rickets among children living in North Carolina, Texas, Georgia, and the mid-Atlantic region, however, confirmed the presence of vitamin D deficiency among some US children ...

OBJECTIVES To calculate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in subjects aged 85 years old and to study the relationship between some common geriatric evaluation scales and vitamin D status. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING A community-based study. PARTICIPANTS 312 subjects aged 85 years old. MEASUREMENTS Geriatric assessment was based on comorbidity, functional status according ...

OBJECTIVE To review and analyse criteria for vitamin supplementation and fortification in Spain. DESIGN Systematic review of scientific literature and simulation analysis of food fortification. METHODS A simulation analysis using a fortified beverage was performed in a random sample of 2855 children aged 2 to 24 years in Spain. RESULTS High-risk groups for vitamin supplementation and fort...

The effects of vitamins C and E on layer chickens transported by road for 6 h during the hot dry season were investigated. Two experimental groups consisting of thirty Shika Brown layers were separately administered vitamins C and E orally just before transportation, while another 30 layers, which were only given sterile water, served as control. Blood samples analyzed before and after transpor...

Ubiquinone was first observed in the organs of vitamin A-deficient rats (Festenstein, Heaton, Lowe & Morton, 1955)~ and Morton and his co-workers have shown that vitamin A deficiency leads to the accumulation of both ubiquinone and its cyclic isomer, ubichromenol, in the liver of the rat (see, for example, Heaton, Lowe & Morton, 1957; Morton & Phillips, 1959). In an attempt to ascertain whether...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a single large oral dose of vitamin A in treating acute shigellosis in children in Bangladesh. DESIGN Randomised double blind controlled clinical trial. SETTING Dhaka Hospital, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. SUBJECTS 83 children aged 1-7 years with bacteriologically proved shigellosis but no clinical signs of vitamin...