the effects of different levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 percentage of dry matter) of apple pomace ensiled with urea were investigated on 24 ghezel male lambs in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. the average starting weight and age of the lambs were 31.27 ± 7.40 and 187 ± 37 days, respectively. after 15 days of adaptation, the lambs were individually fed with expe...

there is a disagreement among scholars over the meaning of abraham’s leadership mentioned in the quran, 2, 124. in this connection, allamatabatabaee presents an innovative opinion and interprets leadership as guidance by the command (al-hidaya bi’l amr) since imam is qualified by guidance by the command as if the qualification is to describe the meaning of leadership (imamat). in allama’s opini...

in this research priority of gorgan’s sub- watershed were done after normalizing the indicators using gis software. the multi-attribute decision-making methods including electre, topsis and saw were used in this study. ahp was applied in order to weighting the indicators in expert choice software. first, priority the sub-watershed were done by electre, topsis and saw using the excel. each metho...

introduction numerous studies have demonstrated the relationship between the amount of co2 in the atmosphere and climate change. in this respect, developed countries have an undeniable role and cause serious damage to earth environment throughout the world. ipcc’ forth evaluation report implies that adding greenhouse gases to the atmosphere during recent decades prevents the heat rays to emit w...

the fao penman - monteith (f-p-m) method is now broadly accepted as the standard for estimating the reference evapotranspiration (et0). the method is also now used for evaluating the temperature-based [blaney-criddle (b-c) and hargreaves-samani (h-s)] and radiation-based [jensen-haise (j-h) and turc (tc)] methods. the objective was to compare the et0 estimated by the b-c, h-s, j-h, tc methods w...

introduction malachite green (mg) has been used as a food coloring agent, food additive, medical disinfectant as well as a dye in silk, wool, jute, leather, cotton, paper, and acrylic industries. it is also extensively used as a topical fungicide and ectoparasiticide in aquaculture industries throughout the world. the findings reveal that this dye has now become one of the most controversial co...

application of various composts has been intensified in agriculture, due to manifestation of negative effects of chemical fertilizers on environment and soil fertility. however, their usage should be accompanied by environmental and nutritional studies. to study the effects of sulfur granular compost on yield and yield components of two wheat cultivars, a pot experiment was conducted in a compl...

tio2 nanoparticles were synthesized by modified sol—gel method using pure room temperature ionic liquid(rtil) 2-hydroxyethylammonium formate as a reaction medium. the structure and morphology of tio2nanoparticles were characterized with x-ray powder diffraction (xrd), bet surface analysis and scanningelectron microscopy (sem). tio2 nanoparticles were synthesized in open and closed vessels. the ...

in order to determine the best traits related to indirect increasing of grain yield, five wheat genotypes (zagros, tajan, durum cul., kohdasht and n-81-18 line) were evaluated by using randomized complete block design (rcbd) with 4 replications in research field of gorgan university of agricultural sciences and natural recourses. the studied traits included leaf area index (lai), crop growth ra...