BACKGROUND Postoperative nausea and vomiting is a common side effect of general anesthesia. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of ramosetron versus ondansetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting using the most recently published randomized controlled clinical studies. METHODS PubMed and EMBASE were searched for randomized controlled clin...

Absorption and metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) vary as a function of route of administration. Pulmonary assimilation of inhaled THC causes a maximum plasma concentration within minutes, while psychotropic effects start within seconds to a few minutes, reach a maximum after 15 to 30 minutes, and taper off within 2 to 3 hours. Following oral ingestion, psychotropic effects set in with a ...

This paper presents a new setup and a corresponding procedure for the accurate measurement of photodarkening in ytterbium doped fibers. The core-pumping scheme enables the use of short samples and a low pump power and the automation of the measurement permits long-term tests for an effective benchmarking of fibers with low photo-degradation. Exploiting temperature-controlled components and cohe...

For more than 450 years, toxicologists have relied on an idea expressed by Paracelsus in the fifteenth century: "The dose makes the poison."[1] By this, Paracelsus meant that everything is poisonous in a high enough dose and, "Even strong poisons are harmless if the dose is low enough." Implicit in these two ideas is a third, "The higher the dose, the stronger the poison." Together, these ideas...

The incidence of local or bloodstream infections (BSIs) associated with peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) is low (0–0.2% bacteraemia); but there is considerable annual morbidity because of the frequency with which such catheters are used. The incidence of phlebitis (3–5%) and bacterial colonisation of catheters increases for catheters left in place >72 h.1,2 In 2001 the Centers for Disease Con...

The works discussed in this article reflect tendencies contemporary French-language poetry that address ecological and existential crises. Prevalent a number of collections is decided interest exploration, memory, safeguarding our humanity.

CONTEXT Medical educators worry that the 2003 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty-hour rules (DHR) have encouraged a "shift work" mentality among residents and eroded their professionalism by forcing them either to abandon patients when they have worked for eighty hours or lie about the number of hours worked. In this qualitative study, we explore how medical and s...