Seven metabolites were obtained from the microbial transformation of anabolic-androgenic steroid mibolerone (1) with Cunninghamella blakesleeana, C. echinulata, and Macrophomina phaseolina. Their structures were determined as 10β,17β-dihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (2), 6β,17β-dihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (3), 6β,10β,17β-trihydroxy-7α,17α-dimethylestr-4-en-3-one (4), 11β,17...

Therapeutic potential of nandrolone and its derivatives against leishmaniasis has been studied. A number of derivatives of nandrolone (1) were synthesized through biotransformation. Microbial transformation of nandrolone (1) with Cunninghamella echinulata and Cunninghamella blakesleeana yielded three new metabolites, 10β,12β,17β-trihydroxy-19-nor-4-androsten-3-one (2), 10β,16α,17β-trihydroxy-19...

Four acyclic diterpene glycosides were extracted from Habanero, the fruits of Capsicum chinense JACQ., which is known as one of the hottest peppers in existence. Two of these glycosides were identified as capsianoside XIII and capsianoside XV. The other two were new ones and were characterized as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl 17,19-dihydroxy-6E,10E,14Z-(3S)-geranyllina...

The effect of hydroxy substitution on 1,4-naphthoquinone toxicity to cultured rat hepatocytes was studied. Toxicity of the quinones decreased in the series 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone greater than 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone greater than 1,4-naphthoquinone greater than 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, and intracellular GSSG formation decreased in the order 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone gr...

The nucleophilic ring opening of epoxy fatty esters was carried out using the amino-1,2,4-triazole to yield substituted derivatives of β-amino alcohol. The synthesis of the substituted beta amino alcohols has been achieved by refluxing equimolar quantities of long chain epoxy esters (epoxy fatty esters) and 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole in dichloromethane to yield following compounds, methyl 10-(4'-am...

A novel approach to the synthesis of 6-amino-7-hydroxyflavone (1) is described. Reaction in acetone of 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-nitroacetophenone and benzoyl chloride in the presence of potassium carbonate affords 3-benzoyl-7-hydroxy-6-nitroflavone, which is cleaved in 5% ethanolic potassium hydroxide to give 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-3- phenyl-1,3-propanedione. The 1,3-diketone thus formed is ...

The 2,4- and 2,5-dihydroxybenzamides (8, 9) were synthesized from their corresponding methyl esters. The structures and the spectral properties of investigated salicylic acid (1), 2,4- and 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acids (2, 3), their methyl esters (4-6) and amides (7-9) were analyzed by means of FT-IR and one- and two-dimensional homo- and heteronuclear 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies. Comparison of...

Bioassay-guided fractionation of metabolites from the fungus Cephalosporium sp.AL031 isolated from Sinarundinaria nitida led to the discovery of a new isobenzofuranone derivative, 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-7-methylphthalide (1), together with three known compounds: 4,5,6-trihydroxy-7-methyl-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (2), 4,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-7-methyl-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran (3) and 4,5,6-trihy...