Human-associated microsporidia were frequently observed in fecal samples of 331 feral pigeons in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, obtained during high- and low-breeding periods. Thirty-six of 331 samples (11%) contained the human pathogens Enterocytozoon bieneusi (n = 18), Encephalitozoon hellem (n = 11), Encephalitozoon cuniculi (n = 6), and Encephalitozoon intestinalis (n = 1); 5 samples contained...

The spindle checkpoint delays exit from mitosis in cells with spindle defects. In this paper, we show that Chk2 is required to delay anaphase onset when microtubules are completely depolymerized but not in the presence of relatively few unattached kinetochores. Mitotic exit in Chk2-deficient cells correlates with reduced levels of Mps1 protein and increased Cdk1-tyrosine 15 inhibitory phosphory...

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An antifungal antibiotic (S) 2-amino-4-oxo-5-hydroxypentanoic acid, inhibited the biosynthesis of the aspartate family of amino acids (methionine, isoleucine and threonine) followed by the inhibition of protein biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This inhibition was effected by impeding the biosynthesis of their common intermediate precursor, homoserine. The inhibition of biosynthesis of ...

BACKGROUND GL331 is a topoisomerase II inhibitor and, in this study, the effects of GL331 upon rat C6 glioma cells were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The glioma cells were treated with GL331, then a cytotoxicity assay was done to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of GL331 and flow-activated cell sorter analysis was performed to analyze the cellular apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of ...

Yuma Kinoshita, 2, ∗ Ryo Namiki, 2 Takashi Yamamoto, 2 Masato Koashi, 2, 3 and Nobuyuki Imoto 2, 3 Division of Materials Physics, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate school of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan CREST Reserch Team for Photonic Quantum Information, 4-1-8 Honmachi, Kawaguchi, Saitama 331-0012, Japan SORST Res...

We recently proposed a structural model for the Si!331"-!12!1" surface reconstruction containing silicon pentamers and adatoms as elementary structural building blocks. Using first-principles density functional theory we here investigate the stability of a variety of adatom configurations and determine the lowest-energy configuration. We also present a detailed comparison of the energetics betw...