Many researchers content themselves with the 2D simulation of welding process instead of the 3D simulation, because of the time and the cost factors of the latter. In this research, the number of elements and nodes are reduced by an initiative plan (defining an equivalent model) for the simulation of welding. The welding process has been simulated by an uncoupled thermal-mechanical finite eleme...

BACKGROUND AND AIM To assess the effectiveness of the potential advantages with 3-dimensional-based treatment planning versus 2-dimensional pelvic bone-based treatment planning in patients with rectal cancer, controlled for clinical stage. METHODS AND MATERIALS Areas at risk from computed tomography in 30 patients were delineated: mesorectum, presacral, internal iliac, obturator and external ...

PURPOSE MLC dynamic log files have been clinically used for quality assurance for years. The logged machine parameters and the derived beam 2D fluence maps can be compared to the ones obtained in the treatment plans in order to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of IMRT beam deliveries. In this study, we propose a computationally efficient method, called Direct 3D Fluence Calculation or D3DF...

In this paper we present a new exploration strategy for a mobile robot moving in a 2D plane. The task of the exploration algorithm is to move around autonomously in an unknown room environment of a limited size whilst building and using a 2D map to avoid obstacles and plan its next move. The strategy is not goal driven, rather seeking new unseen areas to view and explore. The exploration strate...

Several experiments were carried out to compare the impacts of using a two dimensional (2D) plan view or a three dimensional (3D) perspective view in discrete event simulation visual displays. The experiments measured the performance of participants in spotting errors, describing the model, and suggesting improvements to the system. The participants using the 3D perspective display performed mu...

This thesis presents a comparison of high-speed rendering algorithms for the application in 2D/3D-image registration in radiation oncology. Image guided radiation therapy (IGRT) is a technique for improving the treatment of cancer with ionizing radiation by adapting the treatment plan to the current situation using 2D/3D-image registration. To accelerate this procedure, also rendering of Digita...

In this paper, we introduce a generalized value iteration network (GVIN), which is an end-to-end neural network planning module. GVIN emulates the value iteration algorithm by using a novel graph convolution operator, which enables GVIN to learn and plan on irregular spatial graphs. We propose three novel differentiable kernels as graph convolution operators and show that the embedding-based ke...

The Setplay Framework (available from SourceForge as free software) is composed of a C++ library (Project name: fcportugalsetplays), a fully functional RoboCup Simulation 2D demonstration team (fcportugalsetplaysagent2d), and a complete graphical tool (SPlanner), that can be used to design and plan the collaborative behavior between the soccer player agents. In order to demonstrate the usage of...

Three dimensional (3D) image processing and visualisation methods were applied in craniomaxillofacial surgery for preoperative surgical procedures and surgery planning. Each patient differed in their formation of cranium and facial bones, hence requiring customised reconstruction to identify the defect area and to plan procedural steps. This paper explores the processing and visualisation of pa...