Body Mass Index (BMI) is a weight-to-height ratio used as a quick and easy guide to obesity classification. BMI of 30 or greater is indicative of excess body fat and has been labelled as increasing the risk of degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Body fat percentage is also assessed through skinfold thickness measurement.. The aim of this study was to estimate the ...

Background: Tumor necrosis factor- a (TNF-α) is a cytokine that was identified as a factor with a wide range of proinflammatory activities. The expression of bovine TNF-α in mammary tissue during pregnancy seems to have a role in development of the corresponding glands.Objective: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were defined in 3′-flanking region of...

Heritabilities (ĥ2) and genetic correlations (rG) were estimated by regression of offspring on sire in two replicate, unselected lines of mice. Traits were associated with growth, feed efficiency, fat deposition and lean tissue. The ĥ2 for growth traits ranged from .34 to .42, except for 3-wk body weight, which was only .05. The ĥ2 for feed efficiency was .28. Ranges in ĥ2 were .45 to .50 for f...

in order to estimate the genetic parameters and comparison legendre polynomials for production traits of iranian holstein dairy cattle test-day records of first lactation cows for milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, fat percentage and protein percentage traits were used. these records collected from 2006 to 2010, by the animal breeding center of iran. the genetic parameters were estimated usi...

the aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of age at first calving and its relationship with productive traits of holstein dairy cows. a total of 24491 first lactation records (2x 305d) which were collected from 1995 to 2009 were used. the general linear model (glm) procedure was applied to determine effective factors on studied traits. herd-year-season (hys) and age at first calv...

the aim of this study was to examine the effects of two kinds of concurrent training on body fat percentage, body mass index (bmi), maximal oxygen consumption, body upper strength, body lower strength, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low- and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in non-athlete overweight boys. for this purpose, 40 non-athlete overweight boys (mean age 15.33 ± 0.58) were sel...

We examined effects of feeding chicks differing levels of macronutrients on performance during the first 7 d posthatch in this study. Four experiments were conducted using male Ross x Ross broiler chicks. The first experiment examined, in a 3 x 3 factorial design, the effect of feeding fat at 3, 7, and 11% and protein at 18, 23, and 28%. With increasing protein and fat levels feed intake and BW...

BACKGROUND Imbalanced macronutrient intakes can induce impairment of endothelial and vascular function, and further lead to metabolic and cardiovascular disease. However, little is known about the influence of such diets on endothelial and vascular dysfunction in pregnant women, even though high-fat diet is a known risk for pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia....