Abstract Introduction: Death is defined as the permanent loss of all signs of life at any time after birth (Irrevocable disappearance of all vital signs after birth). Unnatural deaths seem to be either suspicious or  unexpected. Deaths that occur suddenly and their causes need to be investigated, are termed unnatural deaths. According to the death certificate contents of Ministry of...

Five coherent sections appear this year, addressing solar physics, cosmology (with WMAP highlights), gamma-ray bursters (and their association with Type Ia supernovae), extra-solar-system planets, and the formation and evolution of galaxies (from reionization to assemblage of Local Group galaxies). There are also eight incoherent sections that deal with other topics in stellar, galactic, and pl...

Peacebuilding and transitional justice are viewed as integral components of statebuilding in post-conflict spaces. This Special Issue critically evaluates peacebuilding Iraq through macro micro-level analyses Iraq's political development following foreign-imposed regime change. In line with the articles Issue, this introduction examines post-2003 trajectory an outcome failure securitized absenc...

intense temperature variations are not only an unfavorable phenomenon for life but have adverse effects on natural elements of structures and installations. when the temperature falls bellow certain levels, the conditions for organic activity become harsh. this level is known as temperature threshold of life. similar thresholds can also be defined for machinery, structures and installations. fu...