Although global- and catchment-scale hydrological models are often shown to accurately simulate long-term runoff time-series, far less is known about their suitability for capturing extremes, such as droughts. Here we evaluated simulations of droughts from nine catchment scale (CHMs) eight global (GHMs) large catchments: Upper Amazon, Lena, Mississippi, Niger, Rhine, Tagus, Yangtze Yellow. The ...

Droughts negatively impact forests by reducing growth and increasing defoliation leading to forest dieback as the climate becomes warmer and drier. However, the timing and severity of droughts determine how differently or intensively water shortage affects primary (shoot and leaf formation) and secondary growth (stem radial growth based on tree-ring widths). We compare the impact of two severe ...

Introduction Conclusions References

Drought is one of the most damaging environmental phenomena. In general, drought is a temporal reduction of environmental moisture status relative to the mean state. Because of the complexity of drought, it is often studied only by separate aspects of the phenomenon (e.g. meteorological drought, soil drought, etc.). Hence, approaches to drought identification are variable. The theory of drought...

Droughts significantly impact land carbon uptake by reducing the gross primary productivity (GPP). Projections suggest an increase in severe and extreme droughts twenty-first century. Despite importance of on uptakes, it remains unclear about GPP responses under different drought severity its changes current climate changes. Using four state-of-the-science products, we showed that moderate (−1 ...

Climate change is amplifying the frequency and severity of droughts wildfires in many forests. In western United States, fuel reduction treatments, both mechanical prescribed fire, are widely used to increase resilience wildfire but their effect on resistance drought beetle mortality not as well understood. We followed more than 10,000 mapped tagged trees a mixed-conifer forest following thinni...

Modern complex societies exhibit marked resilience to interannual-to- decadal droughts, but cultural responses to multidecadal-to-multicentury droughts can only be addressed by integrating detailed archaeological and paleoclimatic records. Four case studies drawn from New and Old World civilizations document societal responses to prolonged drought, including population dislocations, urban aband...

Based on the Yearbook of Meteorological Disasters in China, we analyzed spatiotemporal variations major meteorological disaster (MD) losses at provincial scale during 2001–2020 to determine MDs and vulnerability China. Our results suggest that impacts MDs, including floods, droughts, hail strong winds (HSs), low temperature frosts (LTFs), typhoons, have been substantial China affect an average ...