The developmental toxicities of seven acrylates were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats after inhalation exposure for 6 h/day, during days 6 to 20 of gestation. The exposure concentrations were: for acrylic acid, 50, 100, 200, or 300 ppm; for methyl acrylate, 25, 50, or 100 ppm; for ethyl acrylate, 25, 50, 100, or 200 ppm; for butyl acrylate, 100, 200, or 300 ppm; for ethylhexyl acrylate, 50, 75, o...

Inspired styrene is an olfactory toxicant in the mouse and rat. To provide nasal dosimetric information, upper respiratory tract (URT) uptake efficiency (UE) of styrene was measured in the surgically isolated URT of the urethane-anesthetized CD mouse and Sprague Dawley rat throughout a 45-min exposure. In the first studies, the effect of inspiratory flow rate on styrene UE was examined. At flow...

Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen untuk membuat generator yang menghasilkan gas HHO inovatif sederhana dan mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan terhadap sistem bahan bakar injeksi pada sepeda motor, sebagai peningkat kinerja mesin buang motor. Sel dirancang, dibuat dioptimalkan produktivitas terbuat dari 6 buah plat seng berukuran 90 milimeter x dengan ketebalan 1milimeter berjarak 3 milimeter, e...

This study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activities of Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Origanum vulgare L. essential oil against Aspergillus flavus in culture media and tomato paste. 200 ppm of cinnamon and 500 ppm of oregano completely inhibited A. flavus growth in culture media, while in tomato paste 300 ppm of cinnamon and 200 ppm of oregano had the same effect. Test panel evaluations r...

Washing conditions that included a soak or brush scrub were evaluated for removal of Salmonella from the surface of smooth (honeydew) or complex (cantaloupe) melon rinds. Melon rinds were spot-inoculated onto a 2.5 cm2 area of rind (squares) with approximately 6.0 log(10) CFU/square of an avirulent nalidixic acid-resistant strain of Salmonella typhimurium. Melons were washed by immersion in 150...

Chlorine gas is considered a chemical threat agent that can cause acute lung injury. Studies in the early 20th century on war gases led Haber to postulate that the dose of an inhaled chemical expressed as the product of gas concentration and exposure time leads to a constant toxicological effect (Haber's Law). In the present work, mice were exposed to a constant dose of chlorine (100 ppm-h) del...

We determined the effects of atmospheric temperature (10-30 ± 2°C in 5°C increments) and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels (400 ± 50 ppm, 540 ± 50 ppm, and 940 ± 50 ppm) on the infection of Solanum tuberosum cv. Chubaek by Potato leafroll virus (PLRV). Below CO2 levels of 400 ± 50 ppm, the PLRV infection rate and RNA content in plant tissues increased as the temperature increased to 20 ± 2°C, but dec...

UNLABELLED Styrene-acrylonitrile trimer (SAN Trimer) is a mixture of isomers formed by the condensation of two moles of acrylonitrile and one mole of styrene and has a molecular weight of 210. The mixture is composed of two structural forms: 4-cyano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-a-methyl-1-naphthaleneacetonitrile (THNA, CAS No. 57964-39-3) and 4-cyano-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenepropionitrile (THNP, C...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of solvent and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods with supercritical fluid extraction on antioxidant activity of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit skin extract in stability of soybean oil at 25°C. Oxidative stability alterations of soybean oils containing 400 (SEA) and 1000 ppm (SEB) of ethanol extract, 400 (SSA) and 1000 ppm (SSB) of...

Effects of the application potassium silicate (PS) and an arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF) (Glomus mosseae) were investigated on alleviating impacts drought stress Matthiola incana in a split-split-plot experiment two consecutive years. The main plot was assigned to at three levels irrigation (25%, 50%, 70%, field capacity) comparing with control (100% sub-plots AMF (0 200 g fungi pots) sub-s...