BACKGROUND The Asian population, in general, has higher antiretroviral concentrations than those who are not Asian, but there are limited pharmacokinetic data for darunavir/ritonavir in Asian children. METHODS Thai children aged ≥7 years and with body weight (BW)≥20 kg who were on darunavir/ritonavir for ≥2 weeks underwent 12-h pharmacokinetics with blood sampling before and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8,...

BACKGROUND & AIMS The IMAgINE 1 study (NCT00409682) evaluated the safety and efficacy of adalimumab double-blind maintenance dosing regimens following open-label induction for pediatric patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS We studied 192 patients with Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) scores >30 for whom conventional treatment was unsuccessful. Patient...

evaluating potential influenza virus inhibitors. However, the viral strains traditionally used in these models are fairly old and do not represent currently circulating viruses in nature. We developed two new lethal infection models in mice using mouse-adapted influenza A/New Caledonia/ 20/99 (H1N1) and influenza B/Sichuan/379/99 viruses. Both virus infections were used to study oral treatment ...

Streptozotocin and alloxan were administered to Wistar rats in combination with poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) synthetase inhibitors. Ten to 16 months after the injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight i.v.) and 3-aminobenzamide (345 mg/kg i.v.), streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and nicotinamide (350 mg/kg i.p.), streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and picolinamide (250 mg/kg i.p.), alloxan (40 mg/...

BACKGROUND With the Convulsive Status Guidelines due for renewal, we wondered if a phenytoin dose of '20 mg/kg' would be easier to calculate correctly and therefore safer than the current '18 mg/kg'. An educational exercise in dose calculation was therefore undertaken to assess ease of calculation. METHOD A standard question paper was prepared, comprising five clinical scenarios with children...

In a canine stroke model, dose dependent protection by postocclusion pentobarbital was suggested from 10--40 mg/kg. In 28 dogs investigated (10 from a previous study) a distinct, significant reduction in right cerebral hemisphere infarction occurred in animals given 15--20 mg/kg pentobarbital intramuscularly 1 hour postocclusion. Increased dosages did not alter statistically the infarct size an...