The noradrenergic system plays an integral role in the stress response and modulates expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Recent work from our laboratory and others has shown that certain stressors increase the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in the hypothalamus and spleen. One goal of the following studies was to assess the role of norepinephrine in ...

Local immunoregulatory processes during normal vascular biology or pathogenesis are mediated in part by the production of and response to cytokines by vessel wall cells. Among these cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 is considered to be of major importance. Although vascular smooth muscle (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC) expressed both IL-1alpha and IL-1beta as cell-associated, 33-kilodalton (kD) pre...

PURPOSE In normal tension glaucoma (NTG), factors other than elevated intraocular pressure are likely to have a role in the pathogenesis of optic neuropathy. The potential similarities in cellular apoptosis leading to neurodegeneration between Alzheimer's disease and NTG were shown in recent studies. The interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta; -511) and IL-1beta (+3953) polymorphisms were found to increas...

Interleukin (IL)-1beta is constitutively expressed in many leukemias and operates as an autocrine growth factor. To study the cellular basis for this aberrant production, we analyzed two cell lines, B1 (acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and W1 (juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia), which express high levels of IL-1beta and have mutations in the K-RAS and N-RAS genes, respectively. Electromobility...

In this work we have studied the acute phase protein response and degranulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vivo in the rat after a slow interleukin-1beta stimulation. A total dose of 1 mug, 2 mug, 4 mug and 0 mug (controls with only vehicle) of interleukin-1beta was released from osmotic minipumps over a period of 7 days. The pumps were implanted subcutaneously. A cystic formation was f...

Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the airway. In this study, we investigated the regulation of MUC2 and MUC5AC expression and of their regulatory mechanisms through cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Cells activated by IL-1beta showed increased COX-2, MUC2, and MUC5AC expressions at both the mRNA and protein l...

RATIONALE It has been reported that interleukin (IL)-1 is associated with pathological cardiac remodeling and LV dilatation, whereas IL-1beta has also been shown to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Thus, the role of IL-1 in the heart remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE We studied the role of hypertrophy signal-mediated IL-1beta/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 production in regulating the ...

The naturally occurring inhibitor of interleukin-1 (IL-1) action, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP), binds to the type 1 IL-1 receptor but does not initiate IL-1 signal transduction. In this study, we have determined the effects of IL-1beta and IRAP overexpression on adult beta-cell replication and viability. IL-1beta reduced dramatically beta-cell replication in adult rat islets...

A platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist reduced the release of macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta) during endotoxemia in chimpanzees but did not influence the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha monoclonal antibody completely prevented MCP-1 release and simultaneously enhanced the secretion of MIP-1beta. Levels of MIP-...

Interleukin (IL)-1beta is a proinflammatory cytokine implicated in various pathophysiological conditions of the CNS involving NMDA receptor activation. Circumstantial evidence suggests that IL-1beta and NMDA receptors can functionally interact. Using primary cultures of rat hippocampal neurons, we investigated whether IL-1beta affects NMDA receptor function(s) by studying (1) NMDA receptor-indu...