Background Competitive bodybuilders employ a combination of resistance training, cardiovascular exercise, calorie reduction, supplementation regimes and peaking strategies in order to lose fat mass and maintain fat free mass. Although recommendations exist for contest preparation, applied research is limited and data on the contest preparation regimes of bodybuilders are restricted to case stud...

Co-contraction of abdominal muscles (abdominal bracing) is considered an effective exercise technique for improving spinal stability, and is often recommended and/or included in rehabilitation and/or fitness programs (Maeo et al., 2013b). Abdominal bracing has been shown to induce higher activation in deep abdominal muscles such as transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles, which are c...

Patients and methods Following groups were examined: Patients with the new diagnosis of CPS (n = 16), patients with active JIA (n = 17) and 25 age and sex matched healthy children (median age 15, range 11–18 years). In each individual a trained physiotherapist assessed: hypermobile joints (Beighton score), painful points (MPPS), stability (balance test), walking (plain, stairs), limitation of j...

Abstract Background The mortality rate of esophageal atresia (EA) has significantly improved, but late complications remain problematic. We evaluated the physical growth, complications, and social prognosis postoperative patients with EA who have reached 15 years age. Methods were treated at our institution from 1984 to 2003 enrolled. follow-up, growth last visit, treatment, academic status, em...