[1] PS converted waves observed near Ancona on the Adriatic coast of central Italy, as revealed by teleseismic receiver functions (RFs), vary with earthquake backazimuth and epicentral distance in a manner consistent with a 1-D anisotropic seismic structure. Using reflectivity calculations, we develop a profile of anisotropic seismic velocity through the Adriatic lithosphere at this locality. W...

High-elevation ecosystems, such as those on Mount Kenya are undergoing significant changes, with accelerated glacial ice losses over the twentieth century creating new space for alpine plants to establish. These ecosystems respond rapidly to climatic variability and within decades of glacial retreat, Afroalpine pioneering taxa stabilize barren land and facilitate soil development, promoting com...

This paper is concerned with the analysis of discretization schemes for second order elliptic boundary value problems when essential boundary conditions are enforced with the aid of Lagrange multipliers. Speciically, we show how the validity of the Lady senskaja{Babu ska{Brezzi (LBB) condition for the corresponding saddle point problems depends on the various ingredients of the involved discret...

Introduction During 1983-1986, the four year period covered by this review, emphasis in the study of mantle convection shifted away from fluid mechanical analysis of simple systems with uniform material properties and simple geometries, toward analyzing the effects of more complicated, presumably more realistic models. This shift received impetus from developments in other branches of earth sci...

A trial assessing the suitability of multifunctional living mulch to maintain soil and reduce weed infestation was carried out in an organic apple orchard years 2019-2020. Perennial plants (Alchemilla vulgaris, Fragaria vesca, Mentha piperita) annual crops (Tropaeolum majus Cucurbita maxima) were grown rows trees. The weeds number coverage tree assessed. Regardless species utilized, resulted be...

Water plays an important role in geological processes. Providing constraints on what may influence the distribution of aqueous fluids is thus crucial to understanding how water impacts Earth's geodynamics. Here we demonstrate that ductile flow exerts a dynamic control on water-rich fluid circulation in mantle shear zones. Based on amphibole distribution and using dislocation slip-systems as a p...

We examine the possible extent of melting in rock-iron super-earths, focusing on those in the habitable zone. We consider the energetics of accretion and core formation, the timescale of cooling and its dependence on viscosity and partial melting, thermal regulation via the temperature dependence of viscosity, and the melting curves of rock and iron components at the ultra-high pressures charac...